Get textual answers, explanations, solutions, notes, extras, MCQs, PDF of Chapter 4: ICSE Class 10 English Language/Grammar (Total English/Morning Star) workbook solved which comprises Active and Passive Voice, Beginning and Ending, Format of a Personal Letter, and Test Paper-4. However, the educational materials should only be used for reference, and students are encouraged to make necessary changes.
Tenses and Their Uses
Assignment
Complete the following sentences with the correct tense of the verbs given in brackets:
1. My aunt ……………………………… to India next month. (come)
Answer: is coming
Explanation: Think of this like making a plan. When you have a plan for the future, like a trip that is already arranged, you can talk about it using “is” or “are” with an “-ing” word. The words “next month” tell us it’s happening in the future, and because it’s a set plan, “is coming” is the perfect way to say it.
2. He ……………………………… loudly when I got up this morning. (shout)
Answer: was shouting
Explanation: Imagine two things happening in the past. One was a long action (shouting), and the other was a short action that happened in the middle of it (I got up). To talk about the long action that was already going on, we use “was” with an “-ing” word. So, he “was shouting” when the short action of you getting up happened.
3. I ……………………………… to his house several times. (be)
Answer: have been
Explanation: This is like talking about your life experiences. When you talk about something that happened in the past, but you don’t say exactly when it happened, you use “have been”. It means that sometime in your life, from the past until now, you have had this experience.
4. She realised that she ……………………………… the wrong decision. (take)
Answer: had taken
Explanation: Here we have two things that happened in the past: she “realised” something, and she “took” a decision. The decision happened before she realised it. To show that one past action happened even before another past action, we use “had”. It’s like the “past of the past”.
5. What ……………………………… you ……………………………… when the door bell rang? (do)
Answer: were you doing
Explanation: This is like the shouting question. The doorbell ringing was a short, quick action in the past. The question asks about the longer action that was happening at that exact moment. To ask about that long, interrupted action, we use “were you doing?”.
6. By the tenth of this month, I……………………………… in this house for one year. (be)
Answer: will have been
Explanation: This is about looking into the future to a specific date (the tenth of this month). At that future time, a period of one year will be complete. To talk about something that will be finished or completed by a certain time in the future, we use “will have been”.
7. He submitted the assignment which he ……………………………… . (write)
Answer: had written
Explanation: This is another “past of the past” situation. Two things happened in the past: he “submitted” the assignment, and he “wrote” it. The writing happened before the submitting. So, for the action that happened first, we use “had written”.
8. Since when ……………………………… Mr. Ghosh……………………………… the Head of this department? (be)
Answer: has Mr. Ghosh been
Explanation: This question is about something that started in the past and is still happening now (Mr. Ghosh is still the Head). When we talk about an action or situation that connects the past to the present, we use “has been”. The question form puts “has” first.
9. My father said that he ……………………………… the house before the letter came. (leave)
Answer: had left
Explanation: Let’s look at the timeline in the past. First, he left the house. Second, the letter came. To talk about the very first action that happened in a past story, we use “had left”. It clearly shows the order of events.
10. Where………………………………you……………………………… on vacation next month? (go)
Answer: are you going
Explanation: When you ask someone about their future plans, especially personal arrangements like a vacation, it’s very common to use “are you going?”. The words “next month” tell us it’s about the future, and this form is used for asking about plans that have likely been made.
11. When you come tomorrow morning, we ……………………………… our dance practice. (have)
Answer: will be having
Explanation: This sentence describes an action that will be in progress at a specific time in the future. Imagine tomorrow morning: when you arrive, the dance practice will already be happening. To describe this ongoing action in the future, we use “will be having”.
12. We ……………………………… Shimla on 15th September. (reach)
Answer: will reach
Explanation: This is a simple statement about an event that is planned for the future. It’s a fact about what is going to happen on a specific date. For simple future facts or predictions, we use “will reach”.
13. I expect that the teacher ……………………………… his mind by tomorrow. (change)
Answer: will have changed
Explanation: The key words here are “by tomorrow”. This means the action of changing his mind will be completed at some point between now and tomorrow. When we talk about an action that will be finished before a certain time in the future, we use “will have changed”.
14. By the end of this month, I ……………………………… music here for five years. (teach)
Answer: will have been teaching
Explanation: This sentence focuses on the duration of an action up to a specific point in the future. “By the end of this month” is the future point, and “for five years” is the duration. To talk about how long an action will have been happening by a future time, we use “will have been teaching”.
15. I ……………………………… the work before you come tomorrow. (finish)
Answer: will have finished
Explanation: Here, there are two future actions: “I finish the work” and “you come tomorrow”. The finishing will happen before you come. To show that one future action will be completed before another future action starts, we use “will have finished”.
Assignment
Write an opening and a closing sentence for each of the following essay titles and justify the effectiveness of each of your suggestions:
1. A day in the life of a student.
Answer:
- Opening Sentence: The insistent shriek of the 6 a.m. alarm is the starting pistol for a daily marathon, a race against time paved with textbooks, lectures, and the weight of expectation.
- Closing Sentence: As I finally switch off my reading lamp, the day’s exhaustion settles in, a heavy but satisfying blanket earned in the quiet pursuit of a future yet to be written.
- Justification: The opening sentence uses the metaphor of a “marathon” to create an immediate atmosphere of pressure and urgency, effectively plunging the reader into the student’s hectic world. The closing sentence provides a sense of finality and accomplishment, ending the essay on a reflective and hopeful note that encapsulates the purpose behind the daily struggle.
2. Mobile phones—a blessing or a curse?
Answer:
- Opening Sentence: Is it possible that the single greatest tool for human connection is also the architect of our most profound isolation?
- Closing Sentence: Ultimately, the mobile phone is a mirror; it is neither good nor evil, but simply a reflection of the wisdom or folly of the person who holds it.
- Justification: The opening is a direct and provocative question that immediately engages the reader with the central conflict of the topic. The closing sentence offers a balanced and thought-provoking conclusion, avoiding a simple “yes” or “no” answer and instead placing the responsibility on the user, leaving the reader with a powerful final thought.
3. There is no place like home.
Answer:
- Opening Sentence: I have travelled across continents and slept in luxurious hotels, yet no comfort has ever surpassed the feeling of turning my own key in my own front door.
- Closing Sentence: For home is not merely a place on a map but a feeling of belonging so deeply ingrained in our hearts that we carry it with us wherever we go.
- Justification: The opening sentence begins with a personal anecdote, creating a relatable and intimate connection with the reader from the start. The closing sentence provides a powerful and universal definition of “home”, elevating the concept from a physical space to an emotional sanctuary, thus ending the essay on a deeply resonant and memorable note.
4. Life usually gives another chance to those who try hard.
Answer:
- Opening Sentence: When the world tells you to give up, the quiet voice of persistence whispers, “Try one more time.”
- Closing Sentence: Therefore, every stumble is not a fall, but a lesson in how to stand up stronger, ready for the next opportunity that perseverance will inevitably unveil.
- Justification: The opening sentence uses personification to create a witty and inspiring phrase that captures the essence of the topic. The closing sentence provides an uplifting and conclusive thought, reframing the idea of failure as a necessary step towards success and reinforcing the essay’s central theme.
Test Paper-4
Question 1
(Do not spend more than 30 minutes on this question.)
Write a composition (300 – 350 words) on any one of the following:
(i) Write an original short story having the following theme: ‘Life is like an echo: we get back what we give.’
Answer: The Echo of Kindness
A boy named Ravi lived in a small town. He liked to play outside every evening. One day, he found a quiet hill near his home. When he shouted his name, the sound came back to him. He laughed and shouted again. The echo answered him each time. He did not understand why it happened, but he felt happy.
The next day, he returned to the hill with a friend. He shouted kind words like “You are good” and “I like you.” The echo replied with the same words. His friend clapped and said it was like magic. Ravi smiled. He said that maybe the hill was only giving back what they gave to it.
Later, another boy from the town went there. He was angry and shouted mean things. The echo returned the same mean words. He felt upset and left the place. Ravi saw him and explained, “The hill gives us back what we give. If we give kind words, we get kindness. If we give angry words, we hear anger.”
That day, Ravi thought about his family and friends. He understood that life is like the echo. If we show kindness, we often receive kindness in return. If we are rude, rudeness may come back to us. He shared this thought with his friends at school. They listened and decided to try it.
From then on, Ravi spoke kindly to people. His friends also tried. They noticed that others smiled more and helped them. The echo on the hill had taught them something important. Life reflects our actions, just as the hill reflected their voices.
The echo was not magic. It was only sound bouncing back. But it helped Ravi see a truth about life. What we give is what comes back to us. That is why kindness matters.
(ii) You recently got a chance to attend a ‘Big Fat Indian Wedding’. Narrate how it was different from a regular Indian wedding and what were your feelings at the end of the extravaganza.
Answer: A Wedding Like a Carnival
I recently attended a big fat Indian wedding. I had seen weddings before, but this one felt very different. A normal wedding usually lasts for a day or two. This wedding went on for almost a week. There were so many events that I lost count after a while.
The first thing that struck me was the size of the gathering. At most weddings, there are a few hundred guests. Here, there were thousands. People kept arriving in groups. It felt like a festival. The music was louder, the decorations brighter, and the food stalls endless. Each corner of the venue looked like a new stage set up for another celebration.
The ceremonies also felt much grander. At a regular wedding, the rituals happen quietly with close family watching. Here, they were done in front of huge crowds, with lights, flowers, and cameras capturing every moment. Even the bride and groom looked more like actors than just two people getting married. Their clothes sparkled with stones and heavy gold.
Food was another big difference. In most weddings, guests are served at dining tables. At this wedding, there were rows of counters serving different dishes. It was like walking into a giant fairground of food. From street snacks to sweets from other states, everything was there. People were busy tasting one dish after another.
At the end of it all, I felt a mix of wonder and exhaustion. It was grand and cheerful, but also tiring. I enjoyed seeing such a spectacle, but I also thought about how simple weddings feel warmer and closer. This wedding was like a carnival. A carnival means a big public festival with crowds, shows, and fun. It made me happy, but I missed the quiet joy of a small family wedding.
(iii) ‘Co-education schools are better than single gender schools.’ Express your views either for or against this statement.
Answer: Why Co-Education Schools are Better
Co-education schools allow boys and girls to study together. I believe such schools are better than single gender schools. They prepare children for real life in a balanced way.
In co-education schools, children learn to respect each other. Boys and girls sit in the same class and share ideas. They play together and take part in activities as a team. This helps them to understand how to work with people of different genders. In single gender schools, children do not get this daily practice.
Co-education also reduces shyness. Some children feel nervous when speaking to the opposite gender. But when they study together, this nervousness slowly goes away. They learn to talk openly and listen carefully. This makes them more confident.
Life outside school is mixed. At home, in jobs, and in public, men and women live and work together. A child from a co-education school is used to such situations. They can adjust easily. Children from single gender schools may take longer to get comfortable in such places.
Co-education also saves resources. Instead of having two schools, one for boys and one for girls, one school can serve both. This means better use of teachers, buildings, and money.
There are also good lessons in respect and equality. When boys and girls study the same subjects and do the same tasks, they see that both are equal in ability. This removes wrong ideas that one gender is better than the other.
Of course, some people may say that co-education can cause distractions. But this depends on guidance. With good teachers and discipline, students can stay focused.
So, I believe co-education schools are better. They give children confidence, equality, and real-world skills.
(iv) For the first time in your life, you went to a circus along with your friends. Describe your visit and your experience.
Answer: A Day at the Circus
I went to a circus for the first time with my friends. We bought tickets and walked inside the big tent. The tent was full of people, and everyone looked excited. We found our seats and waited for the show to begin. The stage was round, and the lights were bright. Music started playing, and the circus began.
The clowns came out first. They wore funny clothes and painted faces. They made silly jokes, fell down on purpose, and sprayed water at the crowd. Everyone laughed loudly, and I laughed too. The clowns reminded me of balloons that bounce around. Just like balloons float and move in strange ways, the clowns moved in funny and unexpected ways.
Then came the animals. There were elephants that stood on stools and lifted their trunks. Horses ran in circles while the trainer gave signals. The dogs jumped through hoops. I had never seen animals do such things before. It felt like they understood the language of the trainers.
After that, acrobats climbed ropes and swung high in the air. They jumped from one swing to another. Sometimes it looked like they would fall, but they always caught the next swing. Watching them was like watching birds in the sky. Birds do not need roads, and these acrobats seemed to fly without roads too.
There was also a magician who pulled rabbits out of a hat and made scarves appear. I could not understand how he did it, but it was fun to see. My friends and I whispered to each other, trying to guess the secret.
When the show ended, people clapped for a long time. My friends and I walked out of the tent still talking about what we had seen. I felt happy and excited. It was a day I will always remember because everything was new and full of surprises.
(v) Study the picture given below. Write a story or a description or an account of what it suggests to you. Your composition may be about the subject of the picture or you may take suggestions from it; however, there must be a clear connection between the picture and your composition.
Answer: Many Hands, One Roof
The picture shows a group of people gathered around a small round hut with a thatched roof. One man is sitting on top of the hut, while others are helping to lift or adjust the straw roof. The hut is built of stones and clay, and more huts can be seen in the background. The land is dry, with scattered stones and a few trees.
The scene suggests teamwork. The man on the roof cannot do the work alone, and the group on the ground cannot finish it without him. They depend on one another. It looks like they are repairing or replacing the roof to make the house safe before the rains. The dry grass used for roofing is light but large, so many hands are needed to lift it.
The children standing nearby also seem interested. They may not be strong enough to help, but they watch closely, learning how this work is done. For them, the hut is not just a shelter but part of their life. They may imagine themselves doing the same task one day.
The picture also shows the spirit of a village. Houses are built close together, and people support each other. No one waits to be asked for help. When a task is too big for one person, others gather. The hut is small, yet it is important because it gives warmth and safety. By fixing the roof together, the people also strengthen their bond.
This image reminds us of the idea that “many drops make an ocean.” One drop of water is small, but together they fill rivers and seas. In the same way, each hand in this picture adds strength to the work, and the job becomes possible.
Question 2
(Do not spend more than 20 minutes on this question.)
Select any one of the following
(i) Write a letter to the Editor of a leading newspaper expressing your concern about the adverse health effects of excessive screen time on young children.
Answer:
12-B, Rajouri Garden
New Delhi – 110027
15th October 2023
The Editor
The Hindustan Times
Kasturba Gandhi Marg
New Delhi – 110001
Subject: Concern over the adverse health effects of excessive screen time on children
Sir/Madam,
Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper, I wish to draw the attention of parents, educators, and the general public to the growing problem of excessive screen time among young children and its detrimental health effects.
In today’s digital age, children are exposed to screens from a very young age. While technology offers educational benefits, its overuse is leading to a host of health issues. Physically, prolonged hours spent staring at screens cause eye strain, headaches, and poor posture. The sedentary nature of these activities contributes to a rise in childhood obesity and related health complications. Furthermore, the blue light emitted from screens disrupts sleep patterns, leading to fatigue and irritability.
The psychological impact is equally alarming. Children are showing signs of digital addiction, social withdrawal, and anxiety. Their ability to concentrate on academics is diminishing, and their development of real-world social skills is being hampered. The constant engagement with the virtual world is creating a disconnect from reality.
It is high time that we address this issue collectively. Parents must set clear boundaries for screen usage and encourage children to engage in outdoor activities, sports, and hobbies. Schools can conduct awareness programmes for both students and parents on the importance of a balanced lifestyle. We must work together to ensure our children grow up healthy, both physically and mentally.
Thank you for your attention to this pressing matter.
Yours truly,
A Concerned Citizen
(ii) You are studying in a residential school. Write a letter to your father, describing the changes that you have noticed in yourself during the last six months of your stay away from home.
Answer:
Room No. 42, Orchid Hostel
Pinegrove School
Shimla, Himachal Pradesh
15th October 2023
Dearest Father,
I hope this letter finds you and everyone at home in good health. I am doing well here, and my studies are progressing smoothly. It has been six months since I joined this school, and I wanted to share some of the changes I have noticed in myself.
Life in a residential school has taught me to be much more independent and responsible. I now manage my daily schedule on my own, from waking up on time for morning prep to ensuring my homework is completed before lights out. I have learned to take care of my belongings and keep my room tidy, something I know I wasn’t very good at back home.
The disciplined environment here has made me more focused. I find it easier to concentrate on my studies without the distractions of television and video games. I have also started participating in sports and have joined the school’s basketball team. This has not only improved my physical fitness but has also taught me the value of teamwork.
Most importantly, I feel I have become more confident and sociable. Interacting with students from different parts of the country has broadened my perspective. While I miss you all very much, this experience is shaping me into a more mature and self-reliant person.
Please give my love to Mother and my dear sister. I am eagerly looking forward to the winter holidays to see you all again.
Your loving son,
Rohan
Question 3
(i) You are Harsha/Harish of Gangotri Apartments, Sector-8, Dwarka, New Delhi. While returning from school, you found a wallet, on the staircase in Block 1. Draft a notice to be displayed on the Society’s Notice Board, informing the residents about the wallet you had found and asking the owner to collect it from you, giving the necessary proof of ownership.
Answer:
GANGOTRI APARTMENTS RWA
NOTICE
20th October 2023
WALLET FOUND
This is to inform all residents that a wallet has been found on the staircase of Block 1 this afternoon. The rightful owner is requested to claim it from the undersigned.
The claimant must provide satisfactory proof of ownership, such as identifying the wallet’s colour, brand, and its contents, before it can be handed over.
Please contact the undersigned to collect the wallet.
Harish
Resident, Block 1
Gangotri Apartments
(ii) Write an email to the Secretary of the RWA of your colony, informing him/her about the wallet you had found and requesting him/her to help you in tracing the owner of the wallet.
Answer:
To: secretary.rwa.gangotri@email.com
From: harish.dwarka@email.com
Subject: Found Wallet in Block 1 – Request to Help Trace Owner
Dear Mr. Secretary,
I am writing to inform you that I found a wallet on the staircase in Block 1 today afternoon, while returning from school.
The wallet contains some cash and personal documents, but I could not find any direct contact information for the owner. I am concerned and wish to return it to the rightful person as soon as possible.
I have put up a notice on the Society’s Notice Board. I would be grateful if you could assist in tracing the owner. Perhaps an announcement could be made in the official residents’ WhatsApp group or you could check the CCTV footage from the staircase area if available.
Please let me know if there is any other way the RWA can help. I am keeping the wallet safely with me.
Thank you for your assistance.
Yours sincerely,
Harish
Resident, Block 1
Gangotri Apartments,
Sector-8, Dwarka,
New Delhi
Question 4
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
The other day I took a walk with a real estate man. Out in the suburbs he leaned over the wooden fence of an empty lot and waved his hand at it. “There’s a lot,” he said, “that we sold last week for half a million dollars.”
“Did you really!” I exclaimed.
“Yes,” he said, “and do you know that twenty-five years ago you could have picked that up for fifty thousand!”
“What,” I said, “do you mean to say that I could have had all that beautiful grass and those mullein stalks for fifty thousand dollars?”
“I do.”
“You mean that when I was a student at college, feeding on four dollars a week, this opportunity was knocking at the door and I missed it?”
I turned my head away in bitterness as I thought of my own folly. Why had I never happened to walk out this way with fifty thousand dollars in my pocket and buy all this beautiful mud?
The real estate man smiled complacently at my grief. “I can show you more than that,” he said. “Do you see that big stretch of empty ground out there past that last fence?”
“Well, that land out there, it is an acre and a half, – was sold yesterday for three million dollars!!”
“For what!”
“Yes,” went on the real estate man, “and only three years ago you could have come out here and had it for a song!”
“For a song!” I repeated.
Just think of it! And I had missed it! With a voice like mine. If I had known what I know now, I would have come out to that land and sung to it all night. I never knew in the days when I was content with fifteen dollars a week what a hidden gift my voice was. I should have taken up land-singing and made a fortune out of it. The thought of it saddened me all the way home and the talk of the real estate man as he went made me feel still worse.
There was a skating rink I could have bought, and a theatre and a beautiful little one-storey wooden fruit store, right on a corner. There was the cutest little pet of a cow-stable that I could have turned into an apartment store at a profit of a million, – at the time when I was studying Greek and forgetting it. Oh! the wasted opportunities of life!
Forty-five years ago, -a man at the club told me this with almost a sob in his voice, – either Rockefeller or Carnegie could have been bought clean up for a thousand dollars! Think of it! Why didn’t my father buy them for me, as pets, for my birthday and let me keep them till I grew up?
If I had my life over again, no school or education for me! Not with all this beautiful mud and these tar-paper shacks and corner lot fruit stores lying round! I would buy out the whole United States and take a chance, a sporting chance, on the rise in values.
(i) For each word given below choose the correct meaning (as used in the passage) from the options provided:
1. bitterness (line 12)
(a) excitement
(b) sourness
(c) annoyance
(d) sharpness
Answer: (b) sourness
2. folly (line 12)
(a) seriousness
(b) foolishness
(c) wisdom
(d) judgement
Answer: (b) foolishness
(ii) Which word in the passage is the opposite of ‘unhappily’?
(a) complacently
(b) content
(c) empty
(d) beautiful
Answer: (a) complacently
(iii) Answer the following questions briefly in your own words.
(a) What did the real estate man tell the narrator about the empty lot with a wooden fence? How did the narrator react to it?
Answer: The real estate man told the narrator that the empty lot was sold last week for half a million dollars, whereas twenty-five years ago it could have been purchased for only fifty thousand dollars. The narrator reacted with disbelief and then with bitter regret for having missed such a valuable opportunity when he was a poor college student.
(b) Why did the narrator turn his head away in bitterness?
Answer: The narrator turned his head away in bitterness upon realising his own foolishness. He was lamenting the fact that he had missed the golden opportunity to buy the valuable land for a cheap price twenty-five years ago, simply because he lacked the money and foresight at the time.
(c) How did the real estate man react to the narrator’s annoyance on missing the opportunity to buy the land?
Answer: The real estate man reacted to the narrator’s annoyance with a self-satisfied smile. The passage states that he “smiled complacently” at the narrator’s grief, seemingly enjoying his distress over the missed opportunity.
(d) What were the narrator’s thoughts when the real estate man told him that he could have bought the land for ‘a song’?
Answer: Upon hearing he could have bought the land ‘for a song’, the narrator humorously took the idiom literally. He lamented that with his singing voice, he could have sung to the land all night to acquire it, and regretted not realizing he could have used his voice to make a fortune in “land-singing”.
(e) What were the things that the narrator considered as ‘wasted opportunities of life’?
Answer: The narrator considered several missed chances to buy property as ‘wasted opportunities’. These included the empty lot, a skating rink, a theatre, a small fruit store, and a cow-stable that could have been converted into an apartment store. He felt that studying Greek was a waste of time compared to these potential investments.
(iv) According to the passage, what was the narrator’s regret in life? Describe what the narrator would have done if he had got a chance to live his life all over again. Answer in not more than fifty words.
Answer: The narrator’s regret was choosing education over investing in cheap property that later became extremely valuable. If he could live his life again, he would skip school entirely and instead buy up land and properties, taking a “sporting chance” on their values rising to make a fortune.
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) wondered
Scholars have long …0… (wonder) how ancient Egyptians …1… (move) multi-tonne heavy stone blocks across the Sahara Desert to build their pyramids. While contemporaneous literary sources …2… (suggest) the use of bargers on the Nile, most pyramids today lie several kilometres away from the river.
A study …3… (publish) in the journal, Communications Earth and Environment, recently …4… (identify) segments of a major extinct branch of the Nile, which runs right adjacent to the pyramids and could have been used to move heavy material around.
While the research …5… (explain) the high pyramid density between Giza and Lisht in the inhospitable Sahara desert, it does not make the …6… (construct) of pyramids any less …7… (impress).
After all, moving stones to the site of the pyramid is just one part of the construction process. Thousands of workers then had to put them at precise locations, which, researchers believe, was done via large ramps …8… (grease) with water or wet clay, sledges, sturdy ropes, and levers.
Answer:
- moved
- suggest
- published
- identified
- explains
- construction
- impressive
- greased
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
(a) Hemant likes to work …………………. dedicated team members.
Answer: Hemant likes to work with dedicated team members.
(b) None but Rita qualified …………………. the competition.
Answer: None but Rita qualified for the competition.
(c) My father read …………………. my thesis before I submitted it.
Answer: My father read through my thesis before I submitted it.
(d) The manager had to face a lot of opposition …………………. the office.
Answer: The manager had to face a lot of opposition in the office.
(e) Going for an early morning run will lead to a physical burn …………………. .
Answer: Going for an early morning run will lead to a physical burn out.
(f) We can insure the car …………………. theft.
Answer: We can insure the car against theft.
(g) She has decided to go …………………. for engineering.
Answer: She has decided to go in for engineering.
(h) Today’s generation need heroes to look …………………. .
Answer: Today’s generation need heroes to look up to.
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using and, but or so. Choose the correct option.
1. Our car is easy to drive. Old people could drive it.
(a) Old people could drive our car with ease.
(b) Our car is being driven by old people easily.
(c) Old people easily get to drive our car.
(d) Our car is easy driving for old people.
Answer: (a) Old people could drive our car with ease.
2. Modita is a clever girl. The other girls are not so clever.
(a) The other girls being clever, Modita is cleverer.
(b) Modita is cleverer than the other girls.
(c) Modita is cleverer as other girls are not so clever.
(d) Besides the other girls, Modita is a cleverer girl.
Answer: (b) Modita is cleverer than the other girls.
3. They have punished the clerk. His error caused a lot of trouble.
(a) They punished the clerk so that his error caused a lot of trouble.
(b) They have punished the clerk before his error caused a lot of trouble.
(c) They have punished the clerk for being the error that caused a lot of trouble.
(d) They have punished the clerk because his error caused a lot of trouble.
Answer: (d) They have punished the clerk because his error caused a lot of trouble.
4. We met somebody. He had been to Australia.
(a) We meet somebody as he had been to Australia.
(b) We meet somebody who was in Australia.
(c) We met somebody who had been to Australia.
(d) We met somebody for he have been to Australia.
Answer: (c) We met somebody who had been to Australia.
(iv) Choose the correct option to rewrite the following according to the instructions given after each sentence.
1. To know if tomorrow will be fine is impossible. (Begin with: It …)
(a) It is impossible to know if tomorrow is fine.
(b) It is impossible to know if tomorrow will be fine.
(c) It is impossible to know of tomorrow if it will be fine.
(d) It is impossible for knowing when tomorrow will be fine.
Answer: (b) It is impossible to know if tomorrow will be fine.
2. She said, “I think I may complete this project tomorrow.” (Begin with: She said that…)
(a) She said that she thinks she may complete this project tomorrow.
(b) She said that she thought she might complete that project the next day.
(c) She said that she thought she might complete the project tomorrow.
(d) She says that she would be completing the project the next day.
Answer: (b) She said that she thought she might complete that project the next day.
3. I fail to understand why he consented to the plan. (Use: consent)
(a) I fail to understand his consent to the plan.
(b) I fail to understand why he consent to the plan.
(c) I fail to understand why he gave his consent to the plan.
(d) I fail to understand why he gave his consent for the plan.
Answer: (c) I fail to understand why he gave his consent to the plan.
4. The judge will sentence all the militants. (Begin with: All the militants….)
(a) All the militants the judge will sentence.
(b) All the militants would be sentenced before the judge.
(c) All the militants are to be sentenced by the judge.
(d) All the militants will be sentenced by the judge.
Answer: (d) All the militants will be sentenced by the judge.
5. You must work hard, or you will not get promotion. (Begin with: Hard work is necessary …)
(a) Hardwork is necessary for you getting promotion.
(b) Hardwork is necessary for you to have got promotion.
(c) Hardwork is necessary for you to get promotion.
(d) Hardwork is necessary for you must get promotion.
Answer: (c) Hardwork is necessary for you to get promotion.
6. I gave him not only money but also good advice. (Begin with: Besides…)
(a) Besides giving him money, I gave him good advice.
(b) Besides also giving him money, I gave him good advice.
(c) Besides giving him money, I have to give him good advice.
(d) Besides giving him money, I took a good advice for him.
Answer: (a) Besides giving him money, I gave him good advice.
7. For all his power he is still incompetent. (Begin with: Although…)
(a) Although he had power, still he is incompetent.
(b) Although he has had power, he was incompetent.
(c) Although he has power, he is incompetent.
(d) Although he takes power with him, he is incompetent.
Answer: (c) Although he has power, he is incompetent.
8. I was not sure about the outcome. (Begin with: I was …)
(a) I was doubtful of the sure outcome.
(b) I was surely doubtful of the outcome.
(c) I was doubtful about the outcome.
(d) I was doubtful of the outcome.
Answer: (c) I was doubtful about the outcome.
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