Get textual answers, explanations, solutions, notes, extras, MCQs, PDF of Chapter 7: ICSE Class 9 English Language/Grammar (Total English) workbook solved which comprises Conditional Sentences, Characters, Applications, Practice Paper-7. However, the educational materials should only be used for reference, and students are encouraged to make necessary changes.
Conditional Sentences
Assignment
I. Make sentences using if by joining each pair of ideas given below:
1. she not come, we disappointed.
Answer: If she does not come, we will be disappointed.
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional sentence. Think of it like a simple “if this, then that” for the future. It talks about something that is very possible. If one thing happens (she doesn’t come), another thing will happen (we will be sad). The rule is to use the simple present tense in the ‘if’ part and ‘will’ + verb in the result part.
2. it a holiday tomorrow, what we do?
Answer: If it is a holiday tomorrow, what will we do?
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional question. It’s used to ask about a possible plan for the future. Imagine you’re not sure about tomorrow. You ask: “If tomorrow is a holiday (the possible condition), what is our plan (the question about the result)?” The rule for making a question is If + simple present, … what will + subject + verb?.
3. you not careful, fall and hurt yourself.
Answer: If you are not careful, you will fall and hurt yourself.
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional, often used as a warning about a real possibility. Imagine someone is climbing a ladder. You can warn them: “If you are not careful (the condition), something bad will happen (the result is you will fall).” The rule is If + simple present, … will + verb.
4. you not agree, I not sell the house.
Answer: If you do not agree, I will not sell the house.
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional. It states a condition for a future action. It’s like making a promise. “I will only sell the house if you say yes. So, if you say no (the condition), then I promise I will not sell it (the result).” The rule is If + simple present, … will + verb.
5. he travel by plane, get there tomorrow night.
Answer: If he travels by plane, he will get there tomorrow night.
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional. It connects a possible action to its likely result in the future. If he chooses the plane (the condition), the result is that he will arrive tomorrow (the result). The rule is If + simple present, … will + verb.
6. she does not have a passport, not able go there.
Answer: If she does not have a passport, she will not be able to go there.
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional. It talks about a real situation and its definite consequence. To travel to another country, you need a passport. So, if she doesn’t have one (the condition), it’s a fact that she will not be able to go (the result). The rule is If + simple present, … will + verb.
7. I know his address, I write to him now.
Answer: If I knew his address, I would write to him now.
Explanation: This is a Type 2 conditional. We use it for imaginary or hypothetical situations in the present. In reality, you don’t know his address. You are just dreaming or imagining: “If I knew the address right now (which I don’t), I would write a letter (which I can’t).” The rule is If + simple past, … would + verb.
8. he enough money, buy the car right away.
Answer: If he had enough money, he would buy the car right away.
Explanation: This is a Type 2 conditional. It’s for imagining a present situation that is not real. In reality, he doesn’t have the money. We are imagining a different reality: “If he had the money (but he doesn’t), he would buy the car (but he can’t).” The rule is If + simple past, … would + verb.
9. I speak to that minister right now, he be angry.
Answer: If I spoke to that minister right now, he would be angry.
Explanation: This is a Type 2 conditional. You use it to talk about the imaginary consequence of an action you are not really going to do. You are thinking, “I’m not going to talk to him, but if I did (the imaginary action), he would get very mad (the imaginary result).” The rule is If + simple past, … would + verb.
10. you see him now, not recognise him.
Answer: If you saw him now, you would not recognise him.
Explanation: This is a Type 2 conditional. It’s for an imaginary situation in the present. Maybe a friend has changed a lot. You can say: “If you saw him today (a hypothetical event), you would not know it was him.” The rule is If + simple past, … would + verb.
11. I know his address yesterday, I write to him.
Answer: If I had known his address yesterday, I would have written to him.
Explanation: This is a Type 3 conditional. We use it to imagine a different past that cannot be changed. Yesterday is over. You didn’t know his address, so you didn’t write. You are looking back with regret: “If I had known the address back then (but I didn’t), I would have sent a letter (but I couldn’t).” The rule is If + past perfect, … would have + past participle.
12. train late yesterday, I miss important meeting.
Answer: If the train had been late yesterday, I would have missed the important meeting.
Explanation: This is a Type 3 conditional. It’s for an imaginary past situation with an imaginary result. In reality, the train was on time and you got to the meeting. You are thinking about what could have happened: “If the train had been late (but it wasn’t), I would have missed my meeting (but I didn’t).” The rule is If + past perfect, … would have + past participle.
13. doctor not act promptly at scene of accident, boy die.
Answer: If the doctor had not acted promptly at the scene of the accident, the boy would have died.
Explanation: This is a Type 3 conditional. We use it to talk about how a past event could have turned out differently. The doctor was fast, and the boy was saved. We are imagining the terrible alternative: “If the doctor had been slow (but he wasn’t), the boy would have died (but he didn’t).” The rule is If + past perfect, … would have + past participle.
14. thief not sneeze, police never know he was hiding.
Answer: If the thief had not sneezed, the police would never have known he was hiding.
Explanation: This is a Type 3 conditional. It’s about an imaginary past. The thief sneezed, so he was caught. We are imagining what would have happened if he had been quiet: “If the thief had not made a sound (but he did), the police would not have found him (but they did).” The rule is If + past perfect, … would have + past participle.
15. I not sure of succeeding, not attempt that problem yesterday.
Answer: If I had not been sure of succeeding, I would not have attempted that problem yesterday.
Explanation: This is a Type 3 conditional. It’s for imagining a different decision in the past. In reality, you felt confident, so you tried to solve the problem. Now you are thinking about the past: “If I had felt unsure yesterday (but I didn’t), I would not have even tried it (but I did).” The rule is If + past perfect, … would have + past participle.
II. Join each pair of sentences into a single sentence, using if:
1. You refuse to pay the money. Then you will be imprisoned.
Answer: If you refuse to pay the money, you will be imprisoned.
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional. Think of it like a rule: “If this thing happens, then that thing will happen.” The first part, the ‘if’ part (“you refuse to pay”), is in the present tense. The second part, the result (“you will be imprisoned”), is in the future tense. We use this for real and possible situations.
2. Perhaps he will agree. I shall be delighted then.
Answer: If he agrees, I shall be delighted.
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional. We are talking about something that might happen in the future. The word “perhaps” tells us it’s a possibility. So, “if” one thing happens (he agrees), “then” another thing will happen (I will be delighted).
3. I would write to Michael now. But I do not know his address.
Answer: If I knew Michael’s address, I would write to him now.
Explanation: This is a Type 2 conditional. It’s like daydreaming about something that isn’t true right now. The reality is “I don’t know his address.” So, we imagine the opposite. We use the past tense “knew” to show it’s an imaginary situation, and then we use “would write” for the imaginary result.
4. They will pay you more next month. But you must work harder.
Answer: If you work harder, they will pay you more next month.
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional. It’s like a deal or a promise. The condition is that you have to do something first (“work harder”). If you meet that condition, the result will happen in the future (“they will pay you more”).
5. You must be careful. Otherwise, you will have an accident.
Answer: If you are not careful, you will have an accident.
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional. The word “otherwise” is a clue that means “if not.” So, the sentence is really saying, “If you are not careful, then you will have an accident.” It’s a warning about a possible future event.
6. The leader of the gang may find the house empty. In that case, he will whistle to the rest of the gang to join him.
Answer: If the leader of the gang finds the house empty, he will whistle to the rest of the gang to join him.
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional. The phrase “in that case” means “if that happens.” It sets up a condition. So, “if” the leader finds the house empty (the condition), “then” he will do something else (whistle to the gang).
7. You could have fixed everything properly yesterday. I would not have had any worries.
Answer: If you had fixed everything properly yesterday, I would not have had any worries.
Explanation: This is a Type 3 conditional. We use this to talk about the past and imagine how things could have been different, but now it’s too late to change. The reality is you didn’t fix it, and I had worries. We use “had fixed” (past perfect) for the imaginary past action and “would not have had” for the imaginary past result.
8. He looked around. Otherwise, he would have been hit by the bus.
Answer: If he had not looked around, he would have been hit by the bus.
Explanation: This is a Type 3 conditional. “Otherwise” means “if things had been different.” The reality is that he did look around. We are imagining the opposite past: “If he had not looked around, he would have been hit.” We use this to talk about a past situation that didn’t happen and its imaginary result.
9. You can see the island from here. But the day must be very clear and bright.
Answer: If the day is very clear and bright, you can see the island from here.
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional. It states a condition for something to be possible. “If” the weather is good (the condition), “then” you are able to do something (see the island).
10. The pilot did not know about the storm over the mountains. He certainly would not have taken off in that direction.
Answer: If the pilot had known about the storm over the mountains, he certainly would not have taken off in that direction.
Explanation: This is a Type 3 conditional. We are looking back at a past mistake. The pilot didn’t know, so he took off. We are imagining a different past where he was not ignorant: “If he had known about the storm, he would not have taken off.”
11. Let me come in. Otherwise, I will break open the door.
Answer: If you do not let me come in, I will break open the door.
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional. It’s a threat about a future action. The word “otherwise” means “if you don’t do this.” So, “if” you don’t let me in (the condition), “then” I will break the door (the result).
12. You send me the laptop. I will repair it.
Answer: If you send me the laptop, I will repair it.
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional. It’s a simple plan or offer for the future. “If” you do your part (send the laptop), “then” I will do my part (repair it).
13. He ran away from there. Otherwise, he would have been caught by the police.
Answer: If he had not run away from there, he would have been caught by the police.
Explanation: This is a Type 3 conditional. We are talking about a past event. He did run away, so he was not caught. “Otherwise” tells us to imagine the opposite: “If he had not run away, he would have been caught.”
14. Be quiet in the class. Else I shall punish you.
Answer: If you are not quiet in the class, I shall punish you.
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional. The word “else” works just like “otherwise” and means “if not.” It’s a warning: “If” you are not quiet (the condition), “then” I will punish you (the result).
15. Pay heed to your doctor’s advise. You will certainly get well soon.
Answer: If you pay heed to your doctor’s advise, you will certainly get well soon.
Explanation: This is a Type 1 conditional. It’s giving advice about a likely future outcome. “If” you follow the doctor’s instructions (the condition), “then” a positive result will happen (you will get well).
III. Rewrite these sentences, beginning with unless:
1. If the car is not repaired, it will stop working.
Answer: Unless the car is repaired, it will stop working.
2. You must ask him if you want his help.
Answer: Unless you want his help, you must not ask him.
3. He would never come to see us if we did not invite him.
Answer: Unless we invited him, he would never come to see us.
4. If you do not sign the cheque, the bank will not cash it for you.
Answer: Unless you sign the cheque, the bank will not cash it for you.
5. If you do not work fast, you will not finish the job.
Answer: Unless you work fast, you will not finish the job.
6. If you do not agree, I shall not sign the document.
Answer: Unless you agree, I shall not sign the document.
7. If nobody wants this, I’ll throw it away.
Answer: Unless somebody wants this, I’ll throw it away.
8. If he does not find some place to hide, the police will arrest him.
Answer: Unless he finds some place to hide, the police will arrest him.
9. We will arrive at 8 o’clock, if nothing goes wrong.
Answer: We will arrive at 8 o’clock, unless something goes wrong.
10. If you touch fire, it will burn you.
Answer: Unless you touch fire, it will not burn you.
11. Fill in the form as I tell you or you will make mistakes.
Answer: Unless you fill in the form as I tell you, you will make mistakes.
12. If you do not take your medicines regularly, you will not get better.
Answer: Unless you take your medicines regularly, you will not get better.
13. If you do not compel him, he will not return your money.
Answer: Unless you compel him, he will not return your money.
14. If you are careful in your diet, you will be healthy.
Answer: Unless you are not careful in your diet, you will not be healthy.
15. If you do not follow me, you will lose your way.
Answer: Unless you follow me, you will lose your way.
Characters
Assignment
1. Write a composition describing a person you know well. Consider the following points: His/her physical appearance, dress, background, opinions, interests and concrete details you can give. Make comparisons, quote his/her words, refer to typical actions. You need not use all these suggestions. Make a plan into which your ideas can fit well.
Answer: My Grandfather
My grandfather is a man of simple habits and strong principles. He is seventy years old, but his posture is still straight. He has a kind face with many wrinkles around his eyes, which appear when he smiles. His hair is completely white and he keeps it short. He always wears a simple white cotton shirt and trousers. He says comfortable clothes are the best.
He wakes up very early every morning to do yoga in the garden. He believes that a healthy body is very important. After his yoga, he reads the newspaper from the first page to the last. He likes to stay informed about everything happening in the world. He often discusses the news with me and asks for my opinion. He says, “You must form your own ideas about things.”
My grandfather worked as a school teacher for forty years. He loves books and our house has a small library filled with his collection. He spends most of his afternoons reading. He can talk about history, science, and stories with equal ease. He has a special interest in gardening. Our small garden is full of colourful flowers and vegetables because of his hard work. He taught me how to plant a seed and take care of it.
He is a very calm person and rarely gets angry. Whenever I have a problem, I go to him. He listens patiently and gives me simple advice. He does not believe in giving complicated solutions. He often tells me stories from his own life to teach me valuable lessons. He is respected by everyone in our neighbourhood for his wisdom and helpful nature.
2. Write about a neighbour, who is loud in speech or rough in behaviour. Put in some physical description, some account of the person’s trade or occupation, and also say something about his or her opinions and reputation amongst the neighbours.
Answer: Mr. Sharma, Our Loud Neighbour
Mr. Sharma lives in the house next to ours. He is a large man with a booming voice that can be heard from across the street. He is a building contractor, and his work seems to have made him used to shouting instructions. He is always in a hurry, walking with heavy steps and talking on his phone at a very high volume. He has a thick moustache and his hair is always a bit messy, as if he just came from a construction site.
He drives a big, noisy jeep that he parks carelessly, sometimes blocking our gate. He does not seem to notice the trouble he causes. His day starts early with loud arguments on the phone, and it ends late with the loud sound of his television. We know all about his business dealings and his family problems because he discusses them so loudly in his courtyard.
Among the neighbours, Mr. Sharma has a mixed reputation. Some people find him annoying and avoid talking to him. They complain about the constant noise from his house. Others say that he has a good heart despite his rough manners. Mrs. Das, who lives opposite us, once told my mother that Mr. Sharma helped her get a hospital bed for her husband without any delay. He used his contacts and did not ask for anything in return.
His own opinion is that people should be straightforward and not hide their feelings. He once told my father, “What is the point of speaking softly if no one listens? It is better to be loud and clear.” While his loudness can be difficult to live with, we have learned that his roughness is only on the surface.
3. A person I hope I shall never meet again.
Answer: The Rude Shopkeeper
There is a small grocery store at the corner of our old street. The man who ran it was someone I hope I never meet again. He was a middle-aged man, thin and always frowning. He sat behind a high counter, looking down at his customers as if they were bothering him. He never smiled or greeted anyone. His shop was always dimly lit, which matched his gloomy personality.
I remember going there one afternoon to buy some sugar for my mother. I was a small child then. I waited patiently while he finished reading his newspaper. He did not look at me even once. When I finally asked for the sugar, he grunted and slapped a packet on the counter without a word. I gave him the money, but he claimed I had given him less. I was sure I had given the correct amount, but I was too scared to argue. He spoke to me in a very harsh way, accusing me of trying to cheat him. His voice was cold and his eyes were angry. I felt very small and helpless.
My hands were trembling as I took out another note from my pocket. He snatched it from my hand and gave me the change without counting it properly. I ran out of the shop, holding back my tears. When I got home, I told my mother what had happened. She was very upset and from that day on, she never sent me to his shop again.
That man made me feel bad about myself for no reason. His unkindness was not just about money; it was in his behaviour, his words, and his eyes. He showed no respect for a child. I learned that day that a person’s words and actions can hurt deeply. I hope our paths never cross again.
Applications
Assignment
Write an application to the Editor of the Hindustan Times, offering your services as a correspondent.
Answer:
15, Press Enclave
Saket
New Delhi-110017
22nd July, 2024
To
The Editor
The Hindustan Times
Kasturba Gandhi Marg
New Delhi-110001
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to offer my services as a correspondent for your esteemed newspaper. Having followed the comprehensive and insightful reporting of The Hindustan Times for many years, I wish to be associated with a publication that upholds such high journalistic standards.
As regards my qualifications, I have completed my Post-Graduate Diploma in Journalism from the Indian Institute of Mass Communication, New Delhi. For the last two years, I have been working as a freelance journalist, contributing articles to various online portals and local magazines. This experience has equipped me with the skills to research stories thoroughly, conduct interviews effectively, and write compelling news reports and feature articles under strict deadlines. I am particularly interested in covering civic and environmental issues.
I am 24 years old and in good health. I am keen to work in a more challenging environment to enhance my professional skills. I am enclosing a portfolio of my published work, which I believe will help you assess my suitability for the role.
If appointed, I assure you that I will carry out my duties with dedication and to the best of my ability.
Yours faithfully,
Rohan Verma
Encl: Portfolio of published articles
Practice Paper-7
Question 1
(Do not spend more than 30 minutes on this question.)
Write a composition (300 – 350 words) on any one of the following:
(i) Write a story of your own with the theme: “A Stitch in Time saves Nine.”
Answer: A Timely Repair
Ravi was a happy boy who loved his school bag more than anything. It was a bright blue bag with a picture of a superhero on it. His father had gifted it to him on his birthday. Ravi carried his books, his lunchbox, and his water bottle in it every day. One afternoon, while playing in the school field, the strap of his bag got caught on a nail sticking out of a bench. It made a small tear near the seam.
When Ravi got home, he noticed the tear. It was very small, about the size of his thumbnail. He thought about telling his mother, but she was busy in the kitchen. “It’s just a small tear,” he told himself. “I will get it fixed later.” He forgot about it and went out to play with his friends. The next day, he put all his heavy books into the bag. The weight of the books pulled at the small tear, making it a little bigger. Still, Ravi ignored it.
This went on for a week. Every day, the tear grew a little longer. Ravi kept telling himself that he would ask his mother to sew it, but he always forgot or felt too lazy. One Friday, as he was running to catch the school bus, the strap of the bag gave way completely. The bag fell to the ground with a loud thud. All his books, his new pencil box, and his lunch spilled onto the dusty road. The glass water bottle broke, soaking his notebooks.
Ravi stood there, looking at the mess. He was very sad. His favourite bag was ruined, and so were his books. He had to carry everything in his arms to school. That evening, his father saw the broken bag. He looked at Ravi and said, “If you had fixed that small tear when it first appeared, this would not have happened.” Ravi felt very guilty. He had learned a hard lesson that day. He understood what the saying “A stitch in time saves nine” truly meant. Taking care of a small problem right away prevents it from becoming a big one.
(ii) Narrate an encounter with a celebrity whom you admire and always wished to meet.
Answer: A Dream Come True
Ever since I started playing cricket, Sachin Tendulkar has been my hero. I have watched all his matches and have posters of him all over my room. I always dreamed of meeting him, but I knew it was just a dream. I never thought it would actually happen. But last year, the impossible happened.
My father had to go to Mumbai for some work, and he took me with him. We were staying in a hotel near the Wankhede Stadium. On our second day there, my father took me to a bookstore. I was looking at some sports magazines when I saw a familiar figure near the counter. My heart stopped for a second. It was Sachin Tendulkar. He was dressed in a simple t-shirt and jeans and was talking to the cashier.
I could not believe my eyes. I just stood there, frozen. My father noticed my expression and looked in the same direction. He smiled and gently pushed me forward. “Go on, this is your chance,” he whispered. My legs felt like jelly, but I walked slowly towards him. He had just finished paying and was about to leave.
“Excuse me, sir,” I said in a shaky voice. He turned around and smiled. It was the same warm smile I had seen on television a thousand times. “Yes?” he asked kindly. I told him how much I admired him and how he had inspired me to play cricket. I was so nervous that I could barely speak properly.
He listened patiently. Then he put his hand on my shoulder and said, “Keep working hard and always enjoy the game. That is the most important thing.” He took the new cricket bat I was holding and signed it for me. He even posed for a picture with me. It was the best moment of my life. I was so happy that I could not speak for the rest of the day. Meeting my hero was a dream come true, and I will never forget his kind words and his humility.
(iii) ‘Grades in exams indicate neither intelligence nor efforts.’ Express your views either for or against this statement.
Answer: Grades Do Not Define a Person
I agree with the statement that grades in exams indicate neither intelligence nor efforts. Exams are often a test of memory, not a measure of true understanding or intelligence. A student who is good at memorising facts can get high grades, while another student who is more creative and thinks deeply might not perform as well in a system that rewards rote learning. Intelligence comes in many forms. Some people are good at solving math problems, while others are talented in art, music, or sports. A single exam cannot possibly measure all these different kinds of intelligence. A person who gets low grades in science might be a brilliant artist or a gifted musician.
Also, grades do not always reflect the amount of effort a student puts in. Some students can study for a short time and get good marks because they have a natural ability for a subject. Other students might study for hours every day but still struggle to get high grades. This does not mean they are not making an effort. They might be working much harder than the student who gets better grades easily. Sometimes, a student might have a bad day during an exam due to illness or stress. This can affect their performance, but it does not mean they did not put in the effort throughout the year.
Life skills like communication, teamwork, and problem-solving are very important for success. Exams do not test these skills. Many successful people in the world did not have the best grades in school. Their success came from their passion, hard work, and unique talents. Therefore, we should not judge a person’s intelligence or hard work based only on their exam grades. We should look at their overall abilities and character.
(iv) Imagine you were the sole survivor of an air crash. It took you a week to make your way through difficult countryside to the nearest village. Describe the difficulties you encountered on the way and your feelings when you finally reached a village.
Answer: A Week of Survival
The loud noise and the violent shaking are the last things I remember. When I opened my eyes, I was hanging upside down, held by my seatbelt. All around me was the twisted metal of the airplane. There was a strange silence. I was the only one alive. Fear gripped me, but I knew I had to get out. I managed to unbuckle myself and crawl out of the wreckage. I was in the middle of a dense forest, with tall trees blocking the sun.
The first day was the hardest. I was in shock and did not know what to do. I found a small stream and drank some water. That night, I huddled under a large tree, listening to the strange sounds of the forest. I was terrified. The next few days were a blur of walking. I had no idea where I was going. I just followed the stream, hoping it would lead me to a village.
Finding food was a big challenge. I ate some wild berries that I recognised from a book. They were sour, but they kept my hunger away. My biggest difficulty was crossing a fast-flowing river. The current was strong, and I was scared of being swept away. I found a fallen log and used it to slowly make my way to the other side. My clothes were torn, and my body was covered in scratches. I felt weak and hopeless many times. I thought about giving up, but the hope of seeing my family again kept me going.
After seven long days of walking, I saw something that made me cry with relief. Through the trees, I could see the thatched roofs of small huts. It was a village. I used the last of my strength to run towards it. When I reached the edge of the village, a few people saw me and rushed to help. They gave me water and food. I felt an overwhelming sense of relief and gratitude. I was safe. The difficult journey was over. I had survived.
(v) Study the picture given below. Write a story or a description or an account of what it suggests to you. Your composition may be about the subject of the picture or you may take suggestions from it; however, there must be a clear connection between the picture and your composition.
Answer: The Secret Plan
Priya and Meera were best friends. They did everything together. They sat together in class, played together during recess, and walked home together after school. They shared all their secrets. One afternoon, as they were standing in the quiet school corridor, Priya pulled Meera close. She cupped her hand around her mouth and started whispering in Meera’s ear.
Priya’s eyes were wide with excitement, and she kept looking around to make sure no one was listening. Meera listened intently, a small smile playing on her lips. They were planning a surprise for their favourite teacher, Mrs. Das. Her birthday was the next week, and they wanted to do something special for her.
“We can ask everyone in the class to contribute a little money,” Priya whispered. “Then we can buy her a big bouquet of her favourite lilies and a nice pen.”
Meera nodded in agreement. “That’s a great idea! And we can also make a big card. Everyone can write a small message for her on it,” she whispered back.
For the rest of the week, the two friends were busy with their secret plan. They spoke to all their classmates, and everyone was excited to be a part of the surprise. They collected the money and bought a beautiful bunch of white lilies. Meera, who was good at drawing, made a large, colourful card with a picture of a smiling sun on it.
On the day of Mrs. Das’s birthday, they decorated the classroom with balloons before she arrived. When Mrs. Das walked into the class, everyone shouted, “Surprise! Happy Birthday!” She was moved to tears when she saw the flowers, the card, and the happy faces of her students. She hugged Priya and Meera and thanked them for the wonderful surprise. The two friends looked at each other and smiled. Their secret plan had worked perfectly, and they were happy to have made their teacher feel so special.
Question 2
(Do not spend more than 20 minutes on this question.)
Select any one of the following:
(i) You left your library book at a hypermarket by mistake. Write a letter to the manager of the store requesting him/her to enquire about the book and to keep it with him/her if he/she succeeds in finding it. Give a description of the book, the time you left the store and other details you think are important.
Answer:
Flat 12B, Sunshine Apartments
Green Park
New Delhi – 110016
10th May, 2023
To
The Manager
Big Bazaar Hypermarket
Lajpat Nagar
New Delhi – 110024
Subject: Request to find a lost library book
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to request your help in finding a book that I left at your store by mistake. I visited your hypermarket yesterday, 9th May, at around 6:00 PM. I believe I left the book at the billing counter, specifically counter number 5, while I was paying for my items.
The book is a library book issued from my school library. It is titled ‘The Adventures of Tom Sawyer’ by Mark Twain. It is a hardcover book with a dark blue cover. There is a picture of a boy sitting on a raft on the front cover. The book has a white sticker with the number ‘823 TWA’ on its spine. Inside the front cover, there is a stamp of ‘St. Xavier’s School Library’.
This book is very important, and I need to return it to the library by the end of this week. I would be very grateful if you could please check with your staff at the billing counter or the lost and found department. If the book is found, could you please keep it safely with you? I will come to collect it as soon as possible.
You can contact me at my father’s email address, anil.sharma@email.com, if you find the book.
Thank you for your time and assistance.
Yours faithfully,
Amit Sharma
(ii) Write a letter to your cousin living abroad inviting him/her to your home to spend his/her holidays. Tell him/her the best time to visit you; it may be around festivals or your holidays or tourist season.
Answer:
Dear Rohan,
I hope this letter finds you in good health and high spirits. It has been a long time since we last met, and we all miss you very much. I am writing to invite you to come and spend your holidays with us in India.
I think the best time for you to visit would be during the month of December. The weather in Bangalore is very pleasant at that time. It is cool and sunny, perfect for sightseeing. Also, our winter holidays will be starting, so I will be free from school. We can spend a lot of time together.
We can celebrate Christmas and New Year together. The city is beautifully decorated during this time, and there is a festive feeling everywhere. We can visit the famous Lalbagh Botanical Garden and Bangalore Palace. We could also take a short trip to Mysore to see the magnificent Mysore Palace, which is lit up with thousands of bulbs. If you are interested, we can also go for a trek in the nearby Nandi Hills to watch the sunrise.
It would be wonderful to have you here. Mom and Dad are also very excited about the idea of you visiting us. We can catch up on all the old times and make new memories. Please think about it and let me know your plans.
We are all eagerly waiting for your reply.
With love,
Aditya
Question 3
(i) You are the President of the Students’ Wing of the RWA of your colony. You and your team will be organising yoga classes every Sunday morning. Write a notice, to be put up outside the RWA office, informing the residents about the event.
Answer:
GREEN VALLEY RESIDENTS’ WELFARE ASSOCIATION
NOTICE
20th July, 2023
Free Yoga Classes for All Residents
This is to inform all residents that the Students’ Wing of the RWA is organising free yoga classes. The classes aim to promote health and well-being within our community.
The details are as follows:
Date: Every Sunday, starting from 30th July, 2023
Time: 7:00 AM to 8:00 AM
Venue: Community Park, Green Valley
The classes will be conducted by a certified yoga instructor. All residents, regardless of age, are welcome to join. Please bring your own yoga mats and water bottles.
For any further information, please contact the undersigned.
Ananya Singh
(President, Students’ Wing, RWA)
(ii) Write an email to the Secretary of the RWA of your colony informing him/her about the proposed classes and seeking his/her help to successfully organise these classes.
Answer:
To: secretary.gvrwa@email.com
Subject: Proposal for Organising Yoga Classes in the Colony
Dear Mr. Gupta,
I am writing to you on behalf of the Students’ Wing of the Green Valley RWA. We are planning to organise free yoga classes for all residents of our colony. The main objective of this initiative is to encourage a healthy lifestyle among the residents.
We propose to hold these classes every Sunday morning from 7:00 AM to 8:00 AM in the Community Park. We have also arranged for a certified yoga instructor who has kindly agreed to conduct the sessions for free. The classes are scheduled to begin on Sunday, 30th July, 2023.
To make this event a success, we would be grateful for your support and guidance. We request the RWA’s permission to use the Community Park for the classes. We would also appreciate your help in arranging for the cleaning of the park before each session and ensuring the availability of drinking water. Your assistance in publicising the event through the RWA’s communication channels would also be very helpful.
We believe this initiative will be beneficial for the entire community. We look forward to your positive response and support.
Thank you.
Yours sincerely,
Ananya Singh
President, Students’ Wing
Green Valley RWA
Question 4
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
A prominent Engineer was talking to a fellow passenger in the train. He said: “What exactly is the meaning of the word, fame? No one has given a clear, logical definition of the word. If we knew what fame is, the means of attaining it might also perhaps be known to us. When I was younger, I strove after a celebrity position with every fiber of my being. To be popular was my craze, so to speak. For the sake of it I studied, worked, sat up at night and neglected my meals. And I fancy, as far as I can judge, I had all the natural gifts for attaining it. To begin with, I am an Engineer by profession. In the course of my life I have built in Russia some two dozen magnificent bridges, I have laid aqueducts for three towns; I have worked in Russia, in England, in Belgium…. And yet here I am in my old age, I am as celebrated as that black dog running on the embankment.”
“How can you tell? Perhaps you are celebrated,” said the fellow passenger.
“Well, we will test it at once. Tell me, have you ever heard the name Krikunov?”
“No, I haven’t heard it.”
Then the Engineer said, “That is my surname. You, an educated man, have never heard of me — a convincing proof! If you are not tired of listening I will illustrate my point of view by an example. Some years ago I built a bridge in the town of Kremlin. There I got in touch with a singer. This young lady had not the slightest right to call herself a singer. She was a creature entirely devoid of talent. A public ceremony took place to celebrate the opening of the newly constructed bridge. My bridge was a magnificent work! I thought that the eyes of all the public will be on me! Except the official personages, no one took the slightest notice of me. They were not bothered to know who had built the bridge. All at once the public became agitated; a whisper ran through the crowd. I looked, and the singer was making her way through the crowd. A whisper began in a thousand voices: ‘That’s so-and-so….’ Then they noticed me…. A couple of young boys looked at me, exchanged glances, and whispered: ‘That is her lover!’ How do you like that?”
Now it was the turn of the fellow passenger. He said, “There are no bards nowadays; and a celebrity is created almost exclusively by the media. I could give you so many examples. Do our masses know anything of Russian artists, sculptors, and literary men? Allow me to ask you a question: Do you know the name of Pushkov?”
“Pushkov?… No, I don’t know it!”
“That is my name,…” said the fellow passenger. “Then you do not know it? And yet I have been a professor at one of the Russian universities for thirty-five years,… a member of the Academy of Sciences. I have published many books and articles.”
The Engineer and his fellow traveller looked at each other and burst out laughing.
(i) For each word given below choose the correct meaning (as used in the passage) from the options provided:
1. logical (line 2)
(a) literary
(b) reasonable
(c) geometrical
(d) official
Answer: (b) reasonable
2. strove (line 4)
(a) shirked
(b) broke
(c) struggled
(d) relaxed
Answer: (c) struggled
(ii) Which word in the passage means the opposite of the word unsung?
(a) despised
(b) constructed
(c) celebrated
(d) agitated
Answer: (c) celebrated
(iii) Answer the following questions briefly in your own words.
(a) What was the topic of discussion between the Engineer and his fellow passenger in the train?
Answer: The topic of discussion between the Engineer and his fellow passenger was the meaning of the word ‘fame’ and how one could achieve it.
(b) What did the Engineer do to attain the status of a celebrity?
Answer: To become a celebrity, the Engineer studied and worked very hard. He even stayed up at night and skipped his meals. In his career, he built many bridges and aqueducts in different countries.
(c) What proof did the Engineer give to show that he could not become a celebrity?
Answer: The Engineer proved that he was not a celebrity by asking his fellow passenger, an educated man, if he had ever heard the name ‘Krikunov’. When the passenger said no, the Engineer stated that this was proof of his lack of fame.
(d) Who was the Engineer’s fellow passenger?
Answer: The Engineer’s fellow passenger was a professor who had taught at a Russian university for thirty-five years. He was also a member of the Academy of Sciences and had published many books and articles.
(e) Why did the Engineer and his fellow passenger burst out laughing?
Answer: They burst out laughing because they both realized the irony of their situation. Despite their significant accomplishments in their respective fields, neither of them was famous or known to the other, which proved their point about how difficult it is to achieve fame.
(v) Describe how a celebrity is an almost exclusive creation of the media. Answer in not more than fifty words.
Answer: A celebrity is created mainly by the media. The fellow passenger explains that the general public often does not know about accomplished artists, sculptors, or literary figures. Fame is given by media coverage, not necessarily by talent or hard work, as shown by the untalented singer who was famous.
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) clambered
On the New Year’s Eve of 1923 BBC engineer A.G. Dryland ….0…. (clamber) onto a roof opposite the British Parliament to record the ….1…. (strike) of the Big Ben ….2…. (ring) in the New Year. Since then live ….3…. (transmit) of the ‘bongs’ ringing in a new year ….4…. (become) an annual tradition. The unmistakable sound of the ‘nation’s time-piece’ has long occupied a special place in national life. The bongs ….5…. (hear) twice daily on BBC radio, and at the start of the nightly News at Ten on ….6…. (commerce) channel ITV.
The tower ….7…. (house) the clock and its five bells, ….8…. (include) the largest one from which Big Ben takes its nickname. They are maintained by an in-house timekeeping team.
Answer:
- striking
- ringing
- transmission
- has become
- are heard
- commercial
- houses
- including
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
(a) The total expenses of our excursion came ……………….. ten thousand rupees.
Answer: up to
(b) We were amazed ……………….. what the guest said.
Answer: at
(c) The publisher has brought ……………….. a book on Indian customs.
Answer: out
(d) The artist was blind ……………….. one eye.
Answer: of
(e) After his father’s death, his brother has turned ……………….. him.
Answer: against
(f) I have to run ……………….. this chapter before the examination.
Answer: through
(g) We shall discuss this matter ……………….. dinner.
Answer: over
(h) Since it began to rain heavily, the meeting was called ………………..
Answer: off
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using and, but or so. Choose the correct option.
1. I had cleared up the kitchen. The cleaner came afterwards.
(a) The cleaner came afterwards I cleared up the kitchen.
(b) After the cleaner came, I had cleared up the kitchen.
(c) After I was clearing the kitchen, the cleaner came.
(d) The cleaner came after I had cleared up the kitchen.
Answer: (d) The cleaner came after I had cleared up the kitchen.
2. The store was small. It had all the necessary goods.
(a) The store was so small to have all the necessary goods.
(b) The store, though small, could have all the necessary goods.
(c) The store was small enough to have all the necessary goods.
(d) Though the store was small, it had all the necessary goods.
Answer: (d) Though the store was small, it had all the necessary goods.
3. Clear the written test. Only then you will be called for an interview.
(a) Unless you clear the written test, you will be called for an interview.
(b) Unless you clear the written test, you will not be called for an interview.
(c) Unless you do not clear the written test, you will be called for an interview.
(d) Clear the written test for being called for an interview.
Answer: (b) Unless you clear the written test, you will not be called for an interview.
4. He is very silly. He will believe anything.
(a) He is so silly for believing anything.
(b) He is so silly that he will believe anything.
(c) He is too silly to have to believe anything.
(d) He is too silly therefore to believe anything.
Answer: (b) He is so silly that he will believe anything.
(iv) Choose the correct option to rewrite the following according to the instructions given after each sentence.
1. He seemed to be warming up before the match. (Begin with: It …)
(a) It seemed that he is warming up before the match.
(b) It seemed that he had warmed up before the match.
(c) It seemed that he was warming up before the match.
(d) It seemed that he warmed up before the match.
Answer: (c) It seemed that he was warming up before the match.
2. If you do not complete the job, you will suffer. (Begin with: Unless …)
(a) Unless you complete the job, you will suffer.
(b) Unless you completed the job, you will not suffer.
(c) Unless you completed the job, you would not suffer.
(d) Unless you complete the job, you will be suffering.
Answer: (a) Unless you complete the job, you will suffer.
3. “I am sorry I gave you the wrong number,” said Ritu to Ramesh. (Begin with: Ritu apologised …)
(a) Ritu apologised to Ramesh for having given her the wrong number.
(b) Ritu apologised to Ramesh for given the wrong number.
(c) Ritu apologised to Ramesh for having been given him the wrong number.
(d) Ritu apologised to Ramesh for having given him the wrong number.
Answer: (a) Ritu apologised to Ramesh for having given her the wrong number.
4. Do you mean to study abroad? (Use: intention)
(a) Did you have the intention of studying abroad?
(b) Do you have the intention of studying abroad?
(c) Have you had the intention of studying abroad?
(d) Have you got the intention for studying abroad?
Answer: (b) Do you have the intention of studying abroad?
5. Each student is being given the report card by the teacher. (Begin with: The teacher…)
(a) The teacher is giving the report card to each student.
(b) The teacher is giving the report card by each of the students.
(c) The teacher is giving the report card for each of the students.
(d) The teacher is giving the report card from each students.
Answer: (a) The teacher is giving the report card to each student.
6. Rohit as well as Ritu is guilty. (Use: no less)
(a) Rohit is no less guilty than Ritu.
(b) Rohit is guilty no less than Ritu.
(c) Ritu is no less than guilty as Rohit.
(d) Ritu is no less as guilty as Rohit.
Answer: (a) Rohit is no less guilty than Ritu.
7. Shall I ever forget these mirthful days! (Use: never)
(a) I never shall forget these mirthful days.
(b) I have never forgotten these mirthful days.
(c) I have never forgotten those mirthful days.
(d) I shall never forget these mirthful days.
Answer: (d) I shall never forget these mirthful days.
8. As he gained success he felt less happy. (Begin with: The more …)
(a) The more success make him less happy.
(b) The more success he gained, the less happy he felt.
(c) The more success he gain the less happy he feel.
(d) The more success makes him less happier.
Answer: (b) The more success he gained, the less happy he felt.
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