Here, you will find summaries, questions, answers, textbook solutions, notes, pdf, extras etc. of (Nagaland Board) NBSE Class 11 Education Chapter 3: Types and Agencies of Education. These solutions, however, should be only treated as references and can be modified/changed.
Introduction
The chapter discusses various aspects of education, its types, and the agencies involved in its delivery. It emphasizes the importance of school in a child’s life, where they learn to maintain discipline, be punctual, participate in various activities, and prepare for tests. The school is also where children learn to become self-dependent and establish a relationship with society.
It highlights the role of the teacher in the growth and development of a child’s personality. A teacher is seen as a guiding force for students, playing the role of a leader by participating effectively in the curricular life of the school.
The family or home is described as the first social agency which teaches a child socialization. It fulfills various functions, including economic, social, civic, and moral. Home provides economic security, a social environment, the first lesson of citizenship, and moral qualities to a child.
It discusses the role of mass media in education. Mass media, including press, radio, T.V., and the internet, is used to communicate and express in an effective way to a large number of people. It is commonly used for education but does not follow the structured and disciplined approach of formal education.
The chapter also discusses the functions of UNESCO in providing education to children and adults, removing illiteracy, arranging educational programs, and promoting scientific and cultural functions. It aims to unify people for world peace and improve the quality of the press, films, and radio services throughout the world.
Very Short Answer Type Questions
1. What are the different types of Education?
Answer: Formal Education, Informal Education, and Non-Formal Education.
2. What is the role of the colleges in education?
Answer: Colleges are formal agencies of education where a pre-planned scheme of studies is followed at a specified timing by a qualified teacher based on discipline.
3. Name two formal agencies of education.
Answer: Two formal agencies of education are schools and colleges.
4. What is print media?
Answer: Two formal agencies of education are schools and colleges.
5. Name two agencies of Non-formal education.
Answer: Two agencies of Non-formal education are Open School and Open University.
6. What is distance education?
Answer: Distance education is also known as Correspondence Education. It is the system of education where a school, university or any other educational institute offers instruction partly or wholly through mail.
7. What is IGNOU?
Answer: Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) was established in 1985 in Delhi and is an agency for non-formal education.
8. Give the full form of SCERT.
Answer: The full form of SCERT is State Council of Educational Research and Training.
9. Expand the abbreviation UNESCO.
Answer: UNESCO stands for United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation.
Short Answer Type Questions
1. Explain the importance of school.
Answer: The school with its curriculum and co-curriculum activities develops many traits of personality in students and it helps them to shape their personality and become the future citizens of the country. A school can be called a miniature society. School helps the students for growing their skills, values and personality. For this, schools engage in many activities.
2. What is formal education?
Answer: It is a systematic, well-planned properly arranged method based on instructions. There is a definite curriculum to be followed. Qualified teachers to guide and teach is the characteristic of formal education. The main aim is to impart education in an institution and maintain strict discipline. In this system the process of education is well-planned.
3. What do you understand by the term informal education?
Answer: Education received from agencies other than schools and colleges is called informal education. This is neither deliberate nor planned. Here education is incidental and spontaneous. There is no conscious attempt by the learner to learn. The learning may take place anywhere, anytime.
4. Discuss the importance of family.
Answer: The family plays a crucial role in various aspects of an individual’s life. It imbibes moral qualities in a person during their childhood. The individual acts, feels, and thinks as the other members of the family, accepting the moral code of home as an essential pattern of their life. Virtues and values like truthfulness, obedience, justice, selflessness are imbibed by the children at home. The family also plays a significant role in forming the personality of the child.
5. What is the role of Mass Media in Education?
Answer: Mass Media is a way of communication designed to express effectively to a large number of people. It has evolved over time from the teacher being the only medium of communication for children, who used to teach them orally, to the use of technology like printing presses, newspapers, radio, T.V., cinema, and the internet. Mass Media, like radio and television, has extended the walls of school doors to the whole country or up to the world.
6. Name four features of Open University.
Answer: The main features of open university include scope for people to receive adult and continuing education, offering education on a part-time basis which allows the working population and housewives to enrol themselves, an open entry system for anyone who has reached the required age of 21, and a wide range of subjects offered in the curriculum. It is a blessing for employees to improve their educational qualification.
Long Answer Type Questions
1. What is the role of informal agencies in education?
Answer: Informal agencies like family play a significant role in education. The family is the agency of education which imparts early education to the young ones. Home is the first school and mother is the first teacher from whom a child learns many things in life. There is no substitute for home. Young ones learn their language from the home. The role of home or family in education can be studied under various functions such as Economic Function, Social Function, Civic Function, Moral Function, Personality Development, Religious and Cultural Function, and Education for Citizenship.
2. Explain the role of teacher in education.
Answer: In school, the teacher also contributes a lot in the growth and development of the personality of the child, As an educator, the teacher occupies a predominant position in the school and with his duty, interest and caring attitude; he plays the role of a great formative force. A capable teacher with his various skills can easily win the cooperation of the pupil for educational enterprises. A teacher is a guiding force for students. A teacher should play the role of a leader by participating effectively in the curricular life of the school, so that students may also follow the teacher for becoming leaders. Some students by the virtue of their age, status, intellectual ability, athletic power and social ability become leaders of the school community.
3. Mention four functions of home in children’s education.
Answer: The role of home or family in children’s education are:
Economic Function: The young ones enjoy complete security and all their needs are fulfilled by the parents at home. Young ones acquire many types of training at home. The economic security provided by the home is helpful for the development of a balanced personality of the young ones. Vocational knowledge and other skills are transmitted to children at home.
Social Function: Home is the first to provide social environment to the young ones for their development. Home gives to the child the experience of an effective and small community. The child has also the experience of the relationship with the members of different age and sex in the family. The family helps the child to acquire habits, attitudes, manners and other social patterns of behaviour. In the family and at home he learns to speak, laugh, eat, drink, wear and learns cleanliness. The family or home is the first social agency which teaches child, socialisation.
Civic Function: Home is also called the first school. It is the family which teaches the child the first lesson of citizenship. It develops civic sense. He learns discipline, self-control and is taught to obey and respect others and elders at home. At home the child tries to understand the importance of rights and duties. It is the family which helps him to develop a sense of belonging. Home provides emotional satisfaction to the child.
Moral Function: Moral qualities of an individual are imbibed in childhood at home. He acts, feels and thinks as the other members of the family. He accepts the moral code of home as an essential pattern of his life. As the parents, so are the offsprings! Where parents are honest, hardworking, courageous, disciplined and truthful, their children also follow their parents and adopt the moral values. Virtues and values like truthfulness, obedience, justice, selflessness are imbibed by the children at home.
Shorter version
Economic Function: Home provides economic security and fulfills the needs of children, contributing to their balanced personality development. Children also acquire vocational knowledge and skills at home.
Social Function: Home is the first social environment for children, providing experiences of an effective small community. Children learn habits, attitudes, manners, and other social patterns of behavior at home.
Civic Function: Home is the first school of citizenship for a child. It instills discipline, self-control, obedience, respect for others, and a sense of belonging.
Moral Function: Home is where children imbibe moral qualities. They adopt the moral code of their family, learning virtues and values like truthfulness, obedience, justice, and selflessness.
4. Discuss how newspapers are important in education.
Answer: Newspapers are very informative and educative medium and have many advantages. It acquaints the public with latest news from all parts of the country and world. It helps in making the public opinion. It is a good source of recreation. It is economical, effective as well as influential means of education. It focuses on the burning problems of the nation. It makes people conscious of their rights, duties and responsibilities. It helps in developing the literary abilities of the masses. It gives knowledge and information about the latest advancement of science, commerce and industry. It gives information for vocations and training. It helps the political parties for propagating their policies to the public. It inculcates the good habit of learning among the masses. There is great role of Newspaper or Print Media in our democratic country for education of the masses. The educational influence exerted by these newspapers among the reading public is of higher order which cannot be underestimated.
5. Compare and contrast between Radio and TV as means of education.
Answer: Radio is one of the most potent and powerful means of mass communication. It has extended the walls of school doors to the whole country or up to the world. In many countries “School broadcasting” was introduced as an essential feature of education. In India, nearly 99% population is covered by radio broadcast. Radio broadcasting helps the students in classroom learning by acting as a supplement. It can reach the masses. It does not have barriers of space and time. It helps illiterate persons in the process of teaching. It helps in forming the opinion of the public. It helps the masses to make the best use of leisure time by providing activities of their interest. It makes the children happy through “children’s programmes.” It helps women to learn skills of their interest through “women’s programme.” It motivates the youth through youth programmes. It provides information and learning through university broadcast programmes. It has created revolution in the field of education.
On the other hand, Television is one of the most potential and important medium to provide education, information, news, weather report, entertainment throughout the world. Many educators and scientists believe that this electronic device is a good solution to the complex problems of education. There is a rapid expansion of TV transmission, therefore Television programmes are very useful in supplementing school and college learning. TV is an audio-visual device and has many advantages. It creates more interest as it is an audio-visual medium. It is informative. It provides amusement. It is a boon for those who are unable to acquire education through traditional methods. It makes a teacher more alert. It keeps the teacher well informed and up to date. It can recreate past events through films, lectures and dramatisation for the purpose of education. Educational programmes can observe and explain scientific and natural phenomena in a better way. It can promote social equality. It helps people to see rare things, places and events. It reduces the dependence on a teacher. It helps in bringing the positive attitudes of cleanliness, health and hygiene through basic education.
Shorter version
Radio, a potent means of mass communication, extends the reach of education beyond school doors. It aids classroom learning, reaches the masses, and helps illiterate persons in the process of teaching. It also helps in forming public opinion and provides a variety of programs for different age groups.
On the other hand, Television, an audio-visual medium, supplements school and college learning. It creates more interest due to its audio-visual nature, provides amusement, and is beneficial for those unable to acquire education through traditional methods. It can recreate past events for educational purposes and helps in explaining scientific and natural phenomena effectively.
9. What are the functions of UGC?
Answer: The University Grants Commission (UGC) is a statutory body established by an Act of Parliament in 1956 for the coordination, determination and maintenance of standards of university education. Among its functions, the UGC takes steps for the promotion and coordination of university education, maintains the standards of teaching, examination and research in universities, allocates and distributes grants to universities for their development, distributes grants to Deemed Universities, recommends necessary measures for improvement to the university, forms committees which advise the Government for opening new universities, and forms committees for the inspection of the university.
10. What is the role of UNESCO in unifying people from different parts of the world?
Answer: UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation, works for the moral and intellectual solidarity of mankind. It also works for cultural and educational promotion among the millions of people of the world. UNESCO tries to improve the quality of the press, the films, radio services, throughout the world; irrespective of the language or region. It also promotes programmes for exchange of teachers, students, artists, writers and encourages study tours, group discussions, seminars and international lecture series for promoting culture. UNESCO does a commendable job in protecting, and conserving world heritage, books and art. UNESCO tries to unify people for world peace.
Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Questions
1. Do you think internet is an important medium of education?
Answer: Yes, the internet has become an increasingly important medium of education. It provides access to a vast amount of information and resources that can enhance learning. Online platforms offer a variety of educational materials, from articles and e-books to video lectures and interactive exercises. Furthermore, the internet enables distance learning, allowing people from all over the world to pursue courses and degrees from institutions they might not be able to physically attend. It also facilitates communication and collaboration among students and teachers, regardless of their location.
2. Is mass media a formal agency of education? Justify.
Answer: No, mass media is not a formal agency of education. As per the document, formal education is a pre-planned scheme of studies at a specified timing by a qualified teacher based on discipline. It is a deliberate activity which is planned to impart education with an object in view. This type of education is for a specific period of one’s life. On the other hand, mass media, which includes press, radio, T.V., and internet, is listed under informal education. The purpose of mass media is to communicate and express in an effective way to a large number of people. It is commonly used for education but does not follow the structured and disciplined approach of formal education.
Additional/extra questions and answers
1. What is Formal Education?
Answer: Formal Education is a pre-planned scheme of studies at a specified timing by a qualified teacher based on discipline. This type of education is for a specific period of one’s life. It is a systematic, well-planned properly arranged method based on instructions with a definite curriculum.
2. What characterizes Formal Education?
Answer: Formal Education is characterized by its systematic, planned, and disciplined nature. There is a defined curriculum to be followed, and qualified teachers are present to guide and teach. The main aim is to impart education in an institution, maintaining strict discipline. Schools and colleges are considered formal agencies of education.
3. How is Formal Education planned and what is its primary goal?
Answer: Formal Education is well-planned with a defined objective for the fulfilment of the needs of society. It operates in a specific place and time, and both teachers and students are bound by rules. The primary goal of formal education is to educate children, with schools and colleges designed solely for this purpose.
4. Discuss the key differences between Formal and Informal Education.
Answer: Formal Education is a structured, pre-planned scheme with a specific curriculum and qualified teachers, imparted in institutions like schools and colleges at specified timings. In contrast, Informal Education is neither deliberate nor planned. Learning happens incidentally and spontaneously, without a conscious effort from the learner. It doesn’t adhere to a strict schedule or place, and can occur anywhere, such as in the family, at home, or in a playground. Formal education involves a systematic approach with strict rules and discipline, while informal education is spontaneous and happens throughout one’s life, without a specific structure or institution.
5. Explain Informal Education with respect to its nature, learning environment, and influence on the individual.
Answer: Informal Education is education received from agencies other than schools and colleges. Unlike formal education, it is neither deliberate nor planned. The learning in informal education is incidental and spontaneous, with no conscious attempt made by the learner to learn. It is flexible and can take place anywhere and anytime. Common places for informal education include the family, home, playground, society, state, etc. Informal education doesn’t have a defined timeframe for learning, and it usually doesn’t involve textbooks or a specific curriculum. However, any experience that has an educative influence on an individual is considered a part of informal learning. It is a lifelong process in which a person imbibes attitudes, develops skills, cultivates values, and acquires knowledge outside of any institutional framework.
94. How does UNESCO contribute to cultural functions globally?
Answer: UNESCO plays a pivotal role in fostering world peace and security through its cultural functions. The organization aims to enhance the quality of press, films, and radio services worldwide, irrespective of language or region. It promotes programs for the exchange of teachers, students, artists, and writers, and encourages study tours, group discussions, seminars, and international lecture series to promote culture. It also undertakes commendable work in protecting and conserving world knowledge on heritage, books, and art. Through these cultural engagements, UNESCO strives to unify people for world peace.
Additional/extra MCQs
1. What type of education is a pre-planned scheme of studies taught by a qualified teacher based on discipline?
A. Informal Education B. Formal Education C. Self-directed Education D. Non-traditional Education
Answer: B. Formal Education
2. What is the main aim of Formal Education?
A. Entertainment B. Exercise C. Communication D. Education
Answer: D. Education
3. Which type of education follows a definite curriculum?
A. Informal Education B. Self-learning C. Online Education D. Formal Education
Answer: D. Formal Education
4. What type of education occurs in institutions like schools and colleges?
A. Non-formal Education B. Self-taught Education C. Formal Education D. Informal Education
Answer: C. Formal Education
5. Which type of education is neither deliberate nor planned?
A. Formal Education B. Informal Education C. Non-formal Education D. Online Education
Answer: B. Informal Education
149. What does UNESCO encourage to foster a scientific attitude among young generation?
A. Artistic exploration B. Literary mastery C. Sports prowess D. Scientific enquiries
Answer: D. Scientific enquiries
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