Get textual answers, explanations, solutions, notes, extras, MCQs, PDF of Chapter XXX: ICSE Class 9 English Language/Grammar (Total English) solved which comprises Direct and Indirect Speech, Composition, and Notice and Email. However, the educational materials should only be used for reference, and students are encouraged to make necessary changes.
Video tutorial
Comparison of Adjectives
I. Change the Degrees of Comparison without changing the meanings
1. This stone is heavier than that.
Answer: That stone is not as heavy as this one.
Explanation: The sentence is rewritten from the Comparative Degree (“heavier than”) to the Positive Degree (“not as heavy as”). The Comparative Degree uses “heavier” to show one stone’s superiority in weight compared to the other, while the Positive Degree expresses the same idea by emphasizing that the second stone lacks the same weight.
2. Our horse is better trained than yours.
Answer: Your horse is not as well trained as ours.
Explanation: The sentence is converted to a Positive Degree by using “not as…as.” Both sentences convey the same meaning about the relative training of the horses. The Positive Degree does not directly compare but indicates inequality using “not as…as.”
3. Kindness is the greatest virtue in the world.
Answer: No other virtue in the world is as great as kindness.
Explanation: The sentence is rewritten from a Superlative Degree to a Positive Degree. The Superlative Degree (“greatest”) indicates the highest degree of a quality. To change it to Positive Degree, “No other…as great as” is used, which shows equality or lack thereof without using the superlative.
4. Greenland is the largest island.
Answer: No other island is as large as Greenland.
Explanation: The Superlative Degree “largest” is changed to a Positive Degree, keeping the same meaning. In the Positive Degree, “No other…as large as” emphasizes that Greenland’s size is unmatched without explicitly using “largest.”
5. Mount K2 is less high than Mount Everest.
Answer: Mount Everest is higher than Mount K2.
Explanation: The sentence is converted from a Positive Degree (“less high”) to a Comparative Degree (“higher”). Comparative Degree is used to directly compare the height of Mount Everest and Mount K2.
10. Nehru was one of the greatest leaders.
Answer: Very few leaders were as great as Nehru.
Explanation: The Superlative Degree (“greatest”) is converted to a Positive Degree (“very few…as great as”). This shifts from emphasizing Nehru’s unmatched greatness to highlighting that few could match him, maintaining the same implication.
Rewrite the following according to the instructions given after each. Change only enough to do what you are asked and make a correct sentence. Do not alter the meaning. You have to make your sentence say the same thing but in a different way.
1. Very few countries are as hot as Nigeria.
Answer: Nigeria is hotter than most other countries.
Explanation: Here, the Positive Degree “as hot as” is changed to the Comparative Degree “hotter than.” The original meaning remains unchanged by emphasizing Nigeria’s heat in comparison with other countries.
2. A sunset on sea is one of the loveliest things in nature.
Answer: Very few things in nature are as lovely as a sunset on sea.
Explanation: The Superlative Degree “one of the loveliest” is transformed into the Positive Degree “as lovely as.” This emphasizes the high degree of beauty a sunset on sea holds without altering its meaning.
3. I have never seen so big a diamond as this.
Answer: This is the biggest diamond that I have ever seen.
Explanation: The Positive Degree “so big as” is rewritten in the Superlative Degree “the biggest.” It maintains the idea that this diamond surpasses others the speaker has seen.
4. No other religious book is as popular in India as the ‘Gita’.
Answer: The ‘Gita’ is the most popular religious book in India.
Explanation: The Positive Degree “as popular as” is converted to the Superlative Degree “the most popular,” highlighting the ‘Gita’s’ unique status among religious books.
5. Iron is the most useful of all the metals.
Answer: Iron is more useful than any other metal.
Explanation: The Superlative Degree “the most useful” is transformed into the Comparative Degree “more useful than,” which still shows iron’s superiority among metals.
12. Very few Indian cricketers are as famous as Sachin Tendulkar.
Answer: Sachin Tendulkar is more famous than most other Indian cricketers.
Explanation: The Positive Degree “as famous as” is converted into the Comparative Degree “more famous than,” preserving the idea that Sachin Tendulkar’s fame surpasses most of his peers.
Subject Matter and its Organisation
Collect your ideas and write out a well thought-out plan for a composition entitled: Stubble burning – Degradation of the Environment; based on the picture given below.
Plan for the Composition: Stubble Burning – Degradation of the Environment
Introduction
- Define stubble burning.
- Mention its prevalence and environmental impact.
Causes
- Limited time between crop cycles.
- Lack of affordable alternatives.
Environmental Impact
- Air pollution and smog formation.
- Loss of soil fertility.
- Threat to biodiversity.
Health Hazards
- Respiratory and chronic health issues.
- Increased hospital visits.
Solutions
- Use of eco-friendly machinery and bio-decomposers.
- Government subsidies and incentives.
- Awareness campaigns for farmers.
Conclusion
- Highlight urgency and collective action.
- Stress eco-friendly alternatives for sustainability.
Practice paper 3
Question 1
Write a composition (300-350 words) on any one of the following
(i) Write a short story in which a doctor, a farmer and a mechanic play pivotal roles.
Answer: Heroes of Sitapur
The sun had just risen over the small village of Sitapur. Ravi, the farmer, was out in his fields, surveying the damage caused by the recent storm. The winds had been harsh, and many crops were uprooted. He stood silently, trying to figure out how to salvage what was left. Just then, his neighbor Sita came running towards him, her face pale with worry. Her son Aman had a high fever, and his condition seemed to be worsening.
Without wasting a moment, Ravi offered to take her to Dr. Meena, the only doctor in their village. Dr. Meena had dedicated her life to serving this rural community. She lived a few kilometers away, so Ravi quickly hitched his old tractor to a cart. However, as they were about to start, the tractor sputtered and came to a halt. Ravi’s heart sank. The situation was urgent, and they couldn’t afford delays.
Luckily, Arun, the village mechanic, happened to pass by on his bicycle. Ravi explained the problem, and Arun immediately set to work. His tools were basic, but his skill was exceptional. Within minutes, he identified the issue—a clogged fuel line—and fixed it. The tractor roared back to life, much to everyone’s relief.
Ravi drove as fast as he could, with Sita and Aman holding on tightly. When they reached Dr. Meena’s clinic, she was ready. After examining Aman, she assured Sita that it was a severe case of dehydration and fever, but it could be treated. She quickly administered medication and set up an IV drip to rehydrate the boy.
As the day wore on, Aman’s condition improved, and Sita’s tears turned into a smile of gratitude. Ravi and Arun stayed by her side, ensuring she had everything she needed. By evening, Dr. Meena confirmed that Aman was out of danger.
The three—a doctor, a farmer, and a mechanic—had played their roles in saving a young life. Each brought their expertise, kindness, and quick thinking to the situation. Their actions reminded everyone in the village that unity and cooperation could overcome even the most challenging circumstances.
(ii) Narrate your experience of visiting a newly opened gaming zone at a mall. The gaming zone has advertised that it has video-game arcades, bowling alleys, air hockey, pool tables, adventure rides and play areas for children.
Answer: ‘A Day of Fun‘
Last weekend, I visited the newly opened gaming zone at a mall in the city. Having heard much about its facilities, I was eager to experience it myself. As I entered, the bright lights and cheerful sounds from the arcade machines created an inviting atmosphere.
The video-game arcades were the first section I explored. Rows of consoles offered games for all interests, from racing to strategy. I tried a car racing game and was impressed by how realistic it felt. Afterward, I moved to the bowling alleys. The lanes were well-maintained, and the staff was helpful in guiding those who were new to the game. Bowling turned out to be more enjoyable than I had expected.
Next, I played air hockey with a friend. The game was quick and thrilling, with both of us laughing at our near-misses. The pool tables nearby attracted many enthusiasts, and though I was unfamiliar with the rules, it was fascinating to watch players strategize their moves.
The adventure rides were another highlight. There was a virtual reality roller coaster that gave a sense of being on a real ride. The effects were immersive, and it was amazing to see how technology could make such experiences possible. For younger children, there was a dedicated play area with colorful slides and ball pits, which seemed to be a hit among families.
The gaming zone was well-organized, and safety was given importance. The staff ensured that everyone followed the rules, especially at the adventure rides. Refreshments were available, which added convenience for visitors.
Overall, the visit was enjoyable and offered a much-needed break from routine. The variety of activities made it suitable for people of all age groups. It was a place where everyone could find something to enjoy and share moments of fun with friends or family.
(v) Study the picture given below. Write a story or a description or an account of what it suggests to you. Your composition may be about the subject of the picture or you may take suggestions from it; however, there must be a clear connection between the picture and your composition.
Answer: ‘A Vendor’s Journey’
In the heart of the city, amidst the cacophony of honking vehicles and hurried footsteps, there exists a quiet yet determined rhythm of life. The story is of a vendor who rises each day with the dawn, carrying the weight of responsibility as he sets out to earn a livelihood. His life is a testament to hard work and resilience, often unnoticed by the world that rushes past him.
His day begins in the early hours, navigating crowded wholesale markets to handpick fruits and vegetables. He carefully selects each item, balancing quality and cost, knowing that his customers depend on him for fresh produce. With his goods arranged neatly, he stations himself on a bustling street corner, where life unfolds in myriad forms.
The work is grueling. The scorching sun beats down, and the unpredictable weather brings its challenges. Customers come and go—some haggling, others smiling, but all contributing to his modest earnings. Each coin and note handed over is a step closer to his family’s well-being. His labor is not just a means of survival but a way to ensure a better future for his children, whose education he holds dear.
Yet, his world is not just about transactions. The vendor becomes a silent witness to the stories of others—students rushing to school, office-goers pausing for a quick chat, and elders seeking comfort in familiar faces. Over time, he becomes more than just a vendor; he is a part of the community, a thread in the fabric of the neighborhood.
His journey reflects the spirit of countless individuals striving against odds. It reminds us of the unnoticed efforts that sustain our lives, urging us to pause and appreciate the hands that bring nourishment to our tables. In his quiet resolve lies a story of dignity, perseverance, and hope that deserves to be celebrated.
Question 2
Select any one of the following:
You need a job for three months this summer, and you have seen an advertisement in the newspaper about a temporary job as an assistant cook in a cloud kitchen. [Cloud kitchens are commercial kitchens where food is prepared solely for delivery; there is no arrangement for dine-in]. Write a letter applying for the post.
Answer:
Rajesh Nagar
Sector 21, Dwarka
New Delhi – 110075
12th March, 2024
The Manager
Tasty Treat Cloud Kitchen
MG Road
Bengaluru – 560001
Dear Sir/Madam,
Subject: Application for Temporary Position as Assistant Cook
I am writing to apply for the temporary position of assistant cook in your esteemed cloud kitchen, as advertised in the newspaper. I am available to work for three months during the summer and would be honored to be part of your team.
I have a genuine interest in cooking and basic experience in assisting with food preparation. I am a quick learner and can follow instructions diligently. My ability to work as part of a team and handle tasks efficiently makes me a suitable candidate for this role.
I would appreciate the opportunity to contribute to your kitchen and learn more about the food industry. Please let me know if there is any additional information or forms required. I am happy to attend an interview at your convenience.
Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to your reply.
Yours faithfully,
Vishal Kumar
Write a letter to your friend, asking him/her to look after your pet till you and your family return from a family function in another city.
Answer:
Amit Singh
B-45, Green Avenue
Lucknow – 226010
15th March, 2024
Dear Rohan,
I hope this letter finds you in good health and spirits. I am writing to ask for a small favor. My family and I will be traveling to Jaipur next week to attend a family function, and we will be away for five days. I was wondering if you could look after Bruno, my pet dog, during this time.
Bruno is a friendly and well-behaved Labrador. He needs to be fed twice a day and taken for a short walk in the morning and evening. I’ll make sure you have enough food and his favorite treats to last the entire time. I know how much you love animals, and I trust you to take good care of him.
If it’s convenient for you, I can drop him off at your place on the morning of our departure and pick him up as soon as we return. Please let me know if you’re okay with this plan. I’d really appreciate your help.
Looking forward to your reply. Thank you in advance!
Warm regards,
Amit
Question 3
You are the President of the Students’ Wing of your locality’s Resident Welfare Association (RWA). You and your team are organising a Tree Plantation Drive by asking the residents to plant trees, on special occasions (such as birthdays and anniversaries of their family members) on the five-kilometre stretch of road outside your colony. Write a notice to be put outside the office of the RWA, giving details of the Tree Plantation Drive.
Answer:
Resident Welfare Association (RWA)
Green Valley Colony
NOTICE
Tree Plantation Drive
Date: 15th March, 2024
Dear Residents,
The Students’ Wing of the RWA is organizing a Tree Plantation Drive to make our colony greener. Residents are encouraged to plant trees along the five-kilometre road outside the colony to celebrate special occasions like birthdays and anniversaries.
- Start Date: 20th March, 2024
- Where: Main road outside Green Valley Colony
- Saplings and Kits: Available at the RWA office, 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM
Let’s join hands to make a difference!
Ananya Sharma
President, Students’ Wing
Write an email to a noted environmentalist requesting him/her to be a Guest of Honour at the inauguration of the Tree Plantation Drive and seeking his/her help in providing the seeds and/or saplings for the tree plantation.
Answer:
Subject: Invitation to Be Guest of Honour at Tree Plantation Drive
Dear Mr. Sengupta,
I hope this email finds you well. I am Ananya Sharma, President of the Students’ Wing of Green Valley Colony’s Resident Welfare Association (RWA). We are organizing a Tree Plantation Drive to promote environmental awareness and greenery in our locality.
We would be honored if you could be the Guest of Honour at the inauguration of this initiative, scheduled for 20th March, 2024, at 10:00 AM, at the main road outside our colony. Your presence would inspire residents, especially the youth, to actively participate in this cause.
Additionally, we seek your guidance and support in arranging seeds or saplings for the event. Any contribution from your end would greatly help in making this initiative a success.
Please let us know your availability at your earliest convenience. We look forward to your valuable presence and support.
Warm regards,
Ananya Sharma
President, Students’ Wing, RWA
Green Valley Colony
Question 4
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
In the year 1861, Barr Lassiter, a young man of twenty-two, lived with his parents and an elder sister near Carthage, Tennessee. The family were in somewhat humble circumstances, subsisting by cultivation of a small and not very fertile plantation. They were honest persons of good education, fairly well mannered and as respectable as any family could be. The elder Lassiter had that severity of manner that so frequently affirms an uncompromising devotion to duty, and conceals a warm and affectionate disposition.
When the war came on, it found in the family, as in so many others in that State, a divided sentiment; the young man was loyal to the Union, the others savagely hostile. This unhappy division begot an insupportable domestic bitterness, and when the offending son and brother left home with the avowed purpose of joining the Federal army not a hand was laid in his, not a word of farewell was spoken, not a good wish followed him.
Two years after he had joined the Federal Army, his regiment passed through the region whence he had come. The country thereabout had suffered severely from the ravages of war, having been occupied alternately (and simultaneously) by the belligerent forces. Finding himself in camp near his home, he felt a natural longing to see his parents and sister, hoping that in them, as in him, the unnatural animosities of the period had been softened by time and separation.
Lassiter had almost expected to find the place a ruin and a desolation. Nothing, apparently, was changed. As he approached the door, his father came out and stood before him. “Father!” cried the young man, springing forward with outstretched hand.
The elder man looked him sternly in the face, stood a moment motionless and without a word withdrew into the house. Lassiter felt bitterly disappointed and hurt. He rose and entered the house, passing directly to the living room. He saw his mother staring into a fireplace. He spoke to her tenderly and with hesitation, but she neither answered, nor moved, nor seemed in any way surprised. He moved nearer and was about to lay his hand upon her arm, when his sister entered from an adjoining room, looked him full in the face, passed him without a sign of recognition and left the room by a door. He had turned his head to watch her, but when she was gone his eyes again sought his mother. She too had left the place.
Lassiter knew the optical illusions produced by tears. He felt them on his cheek. He left the house and made his way back to camp.
The next day, with no very definite intention, he again sought the spot. On the way he met Albro, his schoolmate, who greeted him warmly. “I am going to visit my home,” said Lassiter. The other looked at him rather sharply, but said nothing.
“There have been changes,” Albro interrupted. “Everything changes. I will go with you if you do not mind. We can talk as we go.”
But Albro did not talk. Instead of a house they found only fire-blackened foundations of stone, enclosing an area of compact ashes pitted by rains.
“I could not find the right way to tell you,” said Albro. “In the fight a year ago your house was burned and your family were killed, by a Federal shell.”
(i) For each word given below choose the correct meaning (as used in the passage) from options provided:
1. subsisting (line 3)
Answer: (b) surviving
2. disposition (line 6)
Answer: (a) outlook
(ii) Which word, in the passage, means the opposite of the word harshly?
Answer: (b) tenderly
(iv) Choose the correct option to rewrite the following according to the instructions given after each sentence.
- Has Gopal written to you? (Use: hear)
(a) Have you been able to hear from Gopal?
(b) You have heard from Gopal?
(c) Have you heard from Gopal?
(d) Did you hear from Gopal?
Answer: (c) Have you heard from Gopal?
- Admitting that he is clever, he is proud. (Begin with: Though …)
(a) Though he admits of being clever, he is proud.
(b) Though he is proud to be clever, he does not admit it.
(c) Though he is clever to admit but he is proud.
(d) Though he is clever, he admits of being proud.
Answer: (d) Though he is clever, he admits of being proud.
- He not only advised me but also helped me. (Begin with: In addition …)
(a) In addition to his advised, he has helped me.
(b) In addition with his advise, he also helped me.
(c) In addition to advising me, he helped me.
(d) In addition of his advise, he also helped me.
Answer: (c) In addition to advising me, he helped me.
- If Umesh apologises, he will be set free. (Use: unless)
(a) Unless Umesh apologises, until then he will not be set free.
(b) Unless Umesh apologises, he will not be set free.
(c) Unless Umesh apologises, he will need to be imprisoned.
(d) Unless Umesh has to apologise, he will not be set free.
Answer: (b) Unless Umesh apologises, he will not be set free.
- Zaheer got asthma because he started smoking. (Begin with: If …)
(a) If he had got asthma, because Zaheer had started smoking.
(b) If he had not started smoking, Zaheer would not have got asthma.
(c) If he had not started smoking, otherwise Zaheer would not have got asthma.
(d) If he has not started smoking, Zaheer will not have got asthma.
Answer: (b) If he had not started smoking, Zaheer would not have got asthma.
- If you had not studied hard, you would not have succeeded in life. (Use: otherwise)
(a) If you had not studied hard, otherwise you would have succeeded in life.
(b) You had studied hard, otherwise you would have succeeded in life.
(c) You have studied hard, otherwise you would not have succeeded in life.
(d) You would not have succeeded in life, otherwise you had studied hard.
Answer: (d) You would not have succeeded in life, otherwise you had studied hard.
- Crossing the railway lines to get to the station is dangerous. (Begin with: It …)
(a) It is dangerous crossing railway lines to get the station.
(b) It is dangerous crossing the railway lines for getting the station.
(c) It is dangerous for railway lines to cross to get to the station.
(d) It is dangerous to cross the railway lines to get to the station.
Answer: (d) It is dangerous to cross the railway lines to get to the station.
- The bomb will not explode unless it is touched. (Begin with: The bomb will explode …)
(a) The bomb will explode not until it is touched.
(b) The bomb will explode when it is not touched.
(c) The bomb will explode as soon as it is touched.
(d) The bomb will explode until it is not touched.
Answer: (c) The bomb will explode as soon as it is touched.
Ron’e Dutta is a journalist, teacher, aspiring novelist, and blogger who manages Online Free Notes. An avid reader of Victorian literature, his favourite book is Wuthering Heights by Emily Brontë. He dreams of travelling the world. You can connect with him on social media. He does personal writing on ronism.
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