Julius Caesar Act 1 Scene 3: ICSE Class 9 workbook answers

Get notes, workbook solutions, summary, questions and answers, and pdf of the drama/play Julius Caesar (Act 1 Scene 3) by William Shakespeare which is part of ICSE Class 9 English. However, the notes should only be treated for references and changes should be made according to the needs of the students.

Summary

A month after their previous meeting, Casca encounters Cicero on a tumultuous night in Rome, where a violent storm is unfolding. Holding an unsheathed sword, a visibly shaken Casca shares his distress with Cicero. He tells the senator about eerie events he has witnessed: a slave with hands ablaze yet unharmed, a lion roaming near the Capitol, and owls screeching in the daytime marketplace. Casca believes these events are apocalyptic signs from the gods. Cicero, skeptical, brushes off Casca’s concerns and departs.

Shortly after, Cassius appears on the scene. He interprets the storm as an ominous warning, specifically against the growing power of Caesar. Seizing the opportunity, he persuades the already anxious Casca to become part of a conspiracy to overthrow Caesar. Cassius reveals that other esteemed citizens are already involved in this perilous but ‘noble’ endeavour and instructs Casca to meet him later at Pompey’s porch.

Soon after, Cinna arrives with a task: to plant anonymous letters in places where Brutus will find them, nudging him to join the conspiracy. He pledges to meet the others later at the designated rendezvous point. Cassius informs Casca that they’re close to gaining Brutus’s support, which pleases Casca. He knows that having Brutus on their side will lend moral authority to their plot, as Brutus is highly respected by the Roman populace.

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Evergreen Workbook Solutions

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The first person Casca meets on the stormy night is

Answer: b. Cicero

2. The common slave held up his flaming 

Answer: a. left hand

3. The bird of night hooted and shrieked in the 

Answer: c. upon the market place

4. Casca was terrified to see a heap of 

Answer: b. a hundred ghastly women

5. Casca feared that the Senate intended 

Answer: a. to crown Caesar

Context questions

Question 1

CASSIUS -Now know you, Casca, I have moved already
Some certain of the noblest-minded Romans
To undergo with me an enterprise
Of honourable – dangerous consequence ;

1. What assurance has Casca just given Cassius that he can be trusted?

Answer: Casca has assured Cassius that he can be trusted by holding Cassius’s hand and pledging his full support to Cassius in seeking redress for the many grievances facing Rome. This physical act of hand-holding signifies Casca committing himself to Cassius and the conspiracy.

2. How does Casca prove true to his word when the conspirators are about to kill Caesar later on?

Answer: When the conspirators attack Caesar, Casca proves true to his word to Cassius by being the first to stab Caesar. Despite Caesar’s cries of protest, Casca deals the first blow, showing he is fully committed to the conspiracy as he promised Cassius earlier.

3. Who in particular is the ‘noblest-minded Romans’? Write two sentences about them.

Answer: The ‘noblest-minded Romans’ refer particularly to two respected senators – Brutus and Decius Brutus. Brutus is known as a man of exceptionally high principles and ideals, and is greatly respected by the people of Rome for his noble character. They see him as a role model. Decius Brutus is also a well-regarded senator who is seen as honorable.

4. Explain what is this ‘enterprise’. Why is it ‘honourable-dangerous’ consequence?

Answer: The ‘enterprise’ refers to the secret conspiracy Cassius is organizing to assassinate Julius Caesar. Cassius sees Caesar as dangerously ambitious and a threat to Rome’s republican values. The conspiracy aims to remove Caesar from power. It is ‘honorable-dangerous’ because it is very risky, but is ultimately aimed at restoring power to the Roman Senate and people, away from potential tyranny. So it has an honorable intent behind the danger.

Question 2

Now could I, Casca, name to thee a man
Most like this dreadful night,
That thunders, lightens, opens graves, and roars
As doth the lion in the Capitol,

1. Who is the speaker? Which man is the speaker hinting at?

Answer: Cassius, one of the conspirators against Caesar, is the speaker here. He is hinting at and referring to Julius Caesar through his words.

2. How does Cassius blame the Romans for their submissive attitude?

Answer: Cassius blames the Roman people for ignorantly and weakly allowing Caesar to gain immense power and become an authoritarian, tyrannical figure in Rome. Cassius accuses the Romans of simply submitting to Caesar’s growing power and ambition without any resistance.

3. How does Cassius compare the men to themselves?

Answer: Cassius draws a comparison between the men of the present Rome to the men of Rome’s past – their ancestors. He says Romans today have the physical strength and abilities of their forefathers, but lack their courageous spirit and principles. They let themselves be ‘governed by their mother’s spirits’, meaning they are weak and submissive.

4. In what way has this man grown ‘ prodigious’ and ‘ fearful ‘ like these strange eruptions?

Answer: Caesar has grown in power, ambition and dominance to become as fearfully prodigious and ominous as the strange supernatural happenings taking place in the storm. Just as the storm is disruptive and threatening, Caesar has become a threatening force through his unchecked growth.

5. How does Cassius use the storm to obtain a commitment from Casca? What is the commitment?

Answer: Cassius uses the storm, which terrifies Casca, to portray Caesar as a similarly terrifying and dangerous threat that has arisen and must be dealt with. He obtains a clear verbal commitment from Casca to join the conspiracy to remove Caesar from power.

Question 3

CASSIUS – I know where I will wear this dagger then; Cassius
from bondage will deliver Cassius: Therein, ye
gods, you make the weak most strong; Therein, ye
gods, you tyrants do defeat:

1. What were Cassius fears that make him say that he would kill himself?

Answer: Cassius feared that Caesar would become an absolute tyrant, seizing complete authoritarian power in Rome. He was afraid this would lead to the loss of freedom and republican liberties. Cassius would rather die than lose his freedom and live oppressed under a tyrant.

2. Explain ‘Cassius from bondage will deliver Cassius’.

Answer: ‘Cassius from bondage will deliver Cassius’ means that if Caesar successfully becomes a tyrant, Cassius would rather commit suicide and kill himself than live in bondage and servitude under Caesar’s rule. Death would be preferable to losing his freedom.

3. How have the gods made the weak strong and defeated tyrants?

Answer: The gods have figuratively made the weak (like Cassius and Casca) strong by inspiring them to stand up against Caesar’s tyranny through the conspiracy. The tyrant Caesar will be defeated by the combined strength of the conspirators rising up against him in the name of republican liberties.

4. How has Cassius boosted the courage of Casca a little earlier?

Answer: Earlier, when Casca expressed fear at the storm, Cassius boosted his courage by walking unafraid through the stormy night and boldly telling Casca that true Romans should not let such sights frighten them. This display of courage motivated Casca.

5. How has Cassius portrayed himself to be a lover of freedom and a true Republican?

Answer: By declaring that he would rather die than live under tyranny, Cassius portrays himself as a devoted lover of freedom and the Roman republican system who is unwilling to be oppressed by any potential Caesar tyranny. This shows his republican ideals.

Question 4

CASSIUS And why should Caesar be a tyrant then?
Poor man! I know he would not be a wolf,
But that he sees the Romans are but sheep:
He were no lion, were not Romans hinds

1. How are the Romans to be blamed for Caesar becoming a tyrant?

Answer: According to Cassius, the Roman people themselves are to blame for Caesar gaining so much power as to become a tyrannical figure. Cassius accuses the Romans of weakness and servility, saying they submitted to Caesar’s growing power and treated him like a glorious hero even as he expanded his authority. Their sheep-like submissiveness allowed his rise.

2. How does Cassius show the weaknesses of the Romans after the extract to raise Caesar to his glory?

Answer: After this extract, Cassius goes on to describe how the Romans have allowed themselves to be awed by Caesar, praising him and empowering him even as he adopted king-like authority. The people have become pathetically subservient, like ‘sheep’ and ‘hinds’ mindlessly following Caesar’s lead, which has only fed his ambition further.

3. How does Cassius draw Casca into the conspiracy by playing on the latter’s emotions?

Answer: Cassius draws Casca into the conspiracy by portraying Caesar as a ‘wolf’ intent on preying on the weak, submissive Romans. He plays on Casca’s republican emotions and principles, causing Casca to see Caesar as a threat to freedom that must be eliminated.

4. How does Casca assure Cassius of his support? 

Answer: Casca directly assures Cassius of his support, saying he is no ‘fieering tell-tale’ or coward, and will fully match Cassius in working to oppose Caesar’s ambition, proving he can be trusted.

5. How does Cassius instill a sense of encouragement in Casca in joining the conspiracy? Who are the people waiting for them in Pompey’s porch?

Answer: By speaking of honorable Romans who await them, Cassius provides a strong encouragement to Casca to join the conspiracy by making him feel part of a meaningful, principled cause that has the backing of respected senators. The people waiting in Pompey’s porch are the other assembled conspirators.

Question 5

CASSIUS-Am I not stay’d for? tell me.
CINNA – Yes, you are. O Cassius, if you could
But win the noble Brutus to our party

1. What does Cassius give Cinna after the extract? What task does Cassius assign to Cinna?

Answer: After this extract, Cassius gives Cinna letters to covertly leave in places where Brutus will find and read them. The letters are intended to help convince Brutus that he must join the conspiracy against Caesar for the good of Rome. This is part of Cassius’ effort to win over Brutus.

2. Where is Cinna to go after completing the task? How is Cassius confident about Brutus joining the conspiracy?

Answer: After carrying out his task of planting the letters, Cinna is to go wait with the other conspirators in Pompey’s Porch. Cassius feels confident that by the end of the night, through the letters and their direct persuasion, Brutus will fully join their conspiracy against Caesar.

3. Why is Casca also keen on Brutus joining the conspiracy?

Answer: Casca is also extremely keen to have Brutus join the conspiracy because Brutus is known as an honorable man of high principles. His reputation would lend legitimacy to their cause and make it appear more like a virtuous, principled endeavor.

4. What does Cassius hope for at the end of the scene? Who has Cassius been able to influence so far? What is their common aim?

Answer: By the end of the scene, Cassius hopes to have fully won over the respected Brutus to their conspiracy cause. So far, he has managed to influence Casca and Cinna to join the conspiracy against Julius Caesar. Their common aim is to remove Caesar from power in order to preserve the Roman Republic and prevent potential tyranny under Caesar.

Morning Star Workbook

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How does Casca interpret the nature’s fury of a storm showering fire?

(a) An attempt to punish Caesar
(b) God’s rage with insolent world below
(c) A sign of something strange likely to happen
(d) None of the above

Answer: (b) God’s rage with insolent world below

2. What is meant by ‘prodigies’ in this scene?

(a) Unnatural events
(b) Storms
(c) Fire
(d) Accidents

Answer : (a) Unnatural events

3. Who, according to Cassius, is a source of as much fear as the strange outbreaks of nature?

(a) Antony
(b) Brutus
(c) Casca
(d) Caesar

Answer: (d) Caesar

4. What would Cassius do if Caesar would be crowned as the king?

(a) Leave Rome forever
(b) Start a rebellion against him
(c) Would never go to the Senate
(d) Stab himself with a dagger

Answer: (d) Stab himself with a dagger

5. According to Cassius, Caesar would not have become a ruthless dictator if_____________

(a) Romans were not on the streets to welcome him.
(b) his powers had been curbed earlier.
(c) Romans were not so submissive.
(d) None of the above.

Answer : (c) Romans were not so submissive.

6. How does Cassius interpret the storm in this scene?

(a) He equates it with Caesar.
(b) He equates with his inner turmoil
(c) He contrasts it with his peaceful inner self
(d) None of the above.

Answer: (a) He equates it with Caesar.

7. How would Cassius deliver Cassius from bondage?

(a) By running away from Rome
(b) By inciting himself to rebel
(c) By provoking Brutus to rebel
(d) By committing suicide

Answer: (d) By committing suicide

8. In what condition is Casca in a state of servitude, according to Cassius?

(a) Cheerful
(b) Fearful
(c) Remorseful
(d) None of the above.

Answer: (a) Cheerful

9. For whom does Casca say that “he sits high in all the people’s hearts” ?

(a) Antony
(b) Brutus
(c) Caesar
(d) Cassius

Answer: (b) Brutus.

10. How would Brutus’ joining the conspirators change their crime?

(a) It will give them moral support
(b) It will make their group strong
(c) It will convert their crime into a noble act
(d) None of the above

Answer : (c) It will convert their crime into a noble act.

11. What was the effect of the storm on Cassius in this scene?

(a) It filled him with boldness to become master of his fate
(b) It subdued his confidence and made him restless
(c) It made him overconfident to carry out his conspiracy
(d) None of the above.

Answer: (a) “It filled him with boldness to become master of his fate.”

Context Questions

1. Casca
Are not you mov’d, when all the sway of earth
Shakes like a thing unfirm? O Cicero,
1 have seen tempests, when the scolding winds
Have rivd the knotty oaks; and I have seen
The ambitious ocean swell and rage and foam,
To be exalted with the threatening clouds:
But never till tonight, never till now,
Did I go through a tempest dropping fire.

(i) Where is Casca at this time? In what state has he come there? To whom is he speaking?

Answers: Casca is on the streets of Rome during a night filled with ominous natural events. He is in a state of fear and agitation due to the strange and threatening signs he has witnessed. He is speaking to Cicero

(ii) Give the meaning of the following:

Answers: (a) The phrase “all the sway of earth/Shakes like a thing unfirm” describes how the entire earth seems to be trembling or shaking as if it were unstable and insecure. This imagery emphasizes the magnitude and unnaturalness of the events occurring, suggesting that the very foundation of the world is being disturbed by these ominous signs. It reflects the chaos and unease felt by Casca and foreshadows the turmoil that is about to unfold in Rome.

(iii) What are the “scolding winds”? What did they do?

Answers: The “scolding winds” refer to the fierce and noisy winds that Casca describes. These winds were so strong that they “rived the knotty oaks,” meaning they split or tore apart the sturdy oak trees.

(iv) What did Casca see which he had never seen in his life earlier? What does he conclude immediately after the extract about the calamities?

Answers: Casca witnessed a tempest dropping fire, something he had never seen before in his life. He concludes that either there is civil strife in heaven or that the world has angered the gods, leading them to send these destructive signs.

(v) What is the next day supposed to be? Why will it be a fatal day? Who had warned about that day?

Answers: The next day is supposed to be the day Caesar goes to the Capitol, which is believed to be a fatal day because of the ominous signs and the conspiracies brewing against Caesar. The soothsayer had warned Caesar to “beware the Ides of March,” which foretold a day of great danger.

2.Cicero
Why, saw you any thing more wonderful?
Casca
A common slave — you know him well by sight —
Held up his left hand, which did flame and burn
Like twenty torches join’d; and yet his hand,
Not sensible of fire, remain’d unscorch’d.

(i) Narrate in your own words the “wonderful” sight seen by Casca as given in the extract.

Answers: Casca describes witnessing a bizarre and unnatural sight where a common slave held up his left hand, which appeared to be on fire, burning as brightly as if it were lit by twenty torches. Remarkably, despite the flames, the hand remained unscorched, showing no signs of being burnt.

(ii) Besides the sight referred to in (i) above, describe three unnatural sights that Casca narrates after this extract.

Answers: After describing the slave’s flaming hand, Casca narrates three additional unnatural occurrences:

• He encountered a lion near the Capitol that merely stared at him and walked by without attacking.
• He saw a hundred frightened women, who claimed they had seen men walking through the streets while engulfed in flames.
• He witnessed an owl, a nocturnal bird, hooting and shrieking in the marketplace during the day, which is highly unusual and considered ominous.

(iii) What does Casca believe about the unnatural events? How is his belief use by Cassius to make him join the conspirators?

Answers: Casca hopes that these supernatural events mark the development of great and terrible things to come. He reads them as messages from the higher powers, or a sign that their time has come and gone. Cassius also convinces Casca that the signs indicate Caesar wishes to turn over monarchical rule and hence those who have formed a conspiracy against them are actually battling tyranny.

(iv) In what way is Casca’s belief a contrast to the one expressed by Cicero about these events?

Answers: Seeing these weird events as direct and divinely sent harbingers of doom, Casca screams like a maddened seer. On the other hand, Cicero claims that most people tend to see events like these through their intrinsic frame of bias or fear and fail at recognizing what lodge behind them. The implication here is that those are just things which could be mistaken, and they do not necessarily signal the displeasure of the gods.

(v) What impact do these strange things have on Caesar, as well as on the audience?

Answers: The strange occurrences contribute to the atmosphere of fear and tension, unsettling both the characters and the audience. For Caesar, these events are part of the ominous warnings he faces, but he dismisses them, reflecting his hubris. For the audience, these supernatural signs heighten the sense of impending tragedy and the inevitability of Caesar’s downfall, creating a mood of foreboding and suspense.

3. Cassius
I know where | will wear this dagger, then;
Cassius from bondage will deliver Cassius:
Therein, ye gods, you make the weak most strong;
Therein, ye gods, you tyrants do defeat:
Nor stony tower, nor walls of beaten brass,
Nor airless dungeon, nor strong links of iron,
Can be retentive to the strength of spirit;

(i) What were a group of people planning on the following day, which makes Cassius say that he would “wear this dagger, then”? How does Cassius try to prevent that plan from being put into operation?

Answers: A group of people, specifically the Roman Senators, were planning to establish Caesar as a king the following day, which made Cassius declare that he would “wear this dagger, then.” Cassius expresses his intent to prevent this plan by taking drastic action, even to the point of killing himself rather than allowing himself to be ruled by a tyrant. He suggests that he will deliver himself from bondage by using his dagger, symbolizing his willingness to resist Caesar’s potential tyranny.

(ii) Why did Cassius say earlier that the Romans now do not have manly courage?

Answers: Cassius earlier lamented that the Romans no longer possess the courage of their ancestors, implying that they have become weak and submissive. He criticizes the Romans for being governed by “our mothers’ spirits” instead of the strong, decisive spirits of their fathers. He sees the Romans as being willing to accept Caesar’s rule without resistance, which he views as a sign of their diminished courage.

(iii) Give the meaning of the following :

Answers: (a) “Cassius from bondage will deliver Cassius”- Cassius is asserting that he will free himself from any form of enslavement or oppression. He means that if he finds himself in a situation of unbearable tyranny or oppression, he has the power to end his life and thus free himself, rather than remain a prisoner to anyone, even Caesar.

(b)“Therein, ye gods, you tyrants do defeat”–Here, Cassius is suggesting that the gods give the weak the power to overcome tyranny by giving them control over their own lives. By having the ability to end one’s own life, even the most oppressive rulers can be defeated, because they cannot control a person’s choice to die rather than live in bondage. This line reflects his belief in personal agency and the power of self-determination against tyrants

(iv) What does Cassius say about the “strength of the spirit” in the extract?

Answers: In the extract, Cassius asserts that no physical barriers—whether they be stony towers, brass walls, airless dungeons, or iron chains—can confine the strength of the human spirit. He suggests that the spirit possesses a power that cannot be restrained by any earthly force. He emphasizes that even in the face of tyranny, a person has the power to free themselves by their own will.

(v) How does Cassius show in the extract that he is a zealous lover of freedom and democracy?

Answers: Cassius demonstrates his zeal for freedom and democracy by expressing his readiness to resist Caesar’s potential rise to kingship. He emphasizes that he would rather kill himself than live under a tyrant, showcasing his commitment to personal freedom. Cassius also speaks of the “strength of spirit” as an invincible force against tyranny, reinforcing his belief in the power of individual liberty over oppressive rule.

4. Cassius
And why should Caesar be a tyrant, then?
Poor man! | know he would not be a wolf
But that he sees the Romans are but sheep;
He were no lion, were not Romans hinds.
Those that with haste will make a mighty fire
Begin it with weak straws; what trash is Rome,
What rubbish, and what offal, when it serves
For the base matter to illuminate
So vile a thing as Caesar!

(i) Who is referred to as a “poor man”? On what condition he would not have been a wolf or a lion?

Answers:  The “poor man” referred to is Caesar. Cassius suggests that Caesar would not be a wolf if the Romans were not sheep, meaning he wouldn’t be predatory if the people of Rome were not so submissive. Similarly, he wouldn’t be a lion if the Romans weren’t hinds (deer), implying that Caesar’s power is a result of the people’s weakness.

(ii) Explain how the sentence “Those that…weak straws” refers to Caesar. In what way is Caesar “vile” in the eyes of Cassius?

Answers: The sentence “Those that with haste will make a mighty fire / Begin it with weak straws” refers to the idea that great power can be built on weak foundations. Cassius is saying that Caesar’s rise to power is built on the weakness and submission of the Roman people, whom he sees as weak straws. In Cassius’ eyes, Caesar is “vile” because his power is not earned through virtue or strength but through the exploitation of a corrupt and weakened Rome.

(iii) Does Cassius blame Caesar or Rome? Give three reasons given by him for the greatness of Caesar at this time. 

Answers: Cassius primarily blames Rome rather than Caesar for Caesar’s rise to power. The reasons he gives for Caesar’s greatness are:

• The Romans are like sheep, easily led and dominated, which allows Caesar to become a wolf.
• The Romans are like hinds, which enables Caesar to be a lion.
• The weak nature of the Roman people has allowed Caesar to rise to greatness, even though he is no mightier in personal action than anyone else.

(iv) What does Casca extend to Cassius as a sign of fellowship? What does he say he is willing to do?

Answers: Casca extends his hand to Cassius as a sign of fellowship. He says he is willing to join the conspiracy and take action (“set this foot of mine as far / As who goes farthest”), meaning he is ready to go as far as necessary in opposing Caesar.

(v) What appointment must Cassius and Casca keep later that night? Where will these friends meet? What will be the purpose of their meeting?

Answers: Cassius and Casca must meet later that night in Pompey’s Porch. The purpose of their meeting is to continue planning their conspiracy against Caesar, and they intend to meet Brutus as well to secure his involvement in their plot.

5. Cinna
I am glad ont. What a fearful night is this!
There’s two or three of us have seen strange sights.
Cassius
Am I not stay’d for? Tell me.
Cinna
Yes, you are. O Cassius, if you could
But win the noble Brutus to our party—
Cassius
Be you content: Good Cinna, take this paper. . .

(i) Where are Cinna and Cassius at this juncture? Who else was with them? Why?

Answers: Cinna and Cassius are outside in the streets of Rome during a stormy night. They are later joined by Casca, who is also involved in the conspiracy against Caesar. They are meeting to discuss and advance their plans for the conspiracy to assassinate Julius Caesar.

(ii) Why does Cinna say. “I am glad on’t “? Why was he here?

Answers: Cinna says, “I am glad on’t” in response to Cassius asking whether he is being waited for, showing his eagerness that their plans are moving forward. He is there as part of the conspiracy to ensure that Brutus is swayed to join their cause, which they believe is essential for the success of their plot.

(iii) Earlier in this scene, which other person describes the “fearful night ? Mention two “strange sights” this person had seen

Answers: Earlier in the scene, Casca describes the “fearful night.” He mentions two strange sights: a common slave whose hand was on fire but remained unscorched and a lion that stared at him without attacking.

(iv) Explain “stay’d for”. Point out clearly why Cassius asks the question; “Am I not stay’d for “?

Answers: “Stay’d for” means being awaited or expected. Cassius asks, “Am I not stay’d for?” to confirm that the other conspirators are indeed waiting for him to proceed with their plans, reflecting his leadership role and the importance of his presence in the conspiracy.

(v) Why was Cinna eager for Brutus to join their party? What does Cassius have in mind when he says, “Be you content”? What does he now instruct Cinna to do in connection with Brutus?

Answers: Cinna is eager for Brutus to join their party because Brutus is highly respected in Rome, and his involvement would lend legitimacy to their cause, making it appear more virtuous and less like a mere power grab. When Cassius says, “Be you content,” he is reassuring Cinna that they will indeed secure Brutus’s support. Cassius then instructs Cinna to plant forged letters in places where Brutus will find them, encouraging him to join the conspiracy.

Extras

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What natural event is described as happening in Rome during this scene?

A. An earthquake
B. A solar eclipse
C. A great storm
D. A plague outbreak

Answer: C. A great storm

15. What does Cassius say about the spirit of the Roman people compared to their ancestors?

A. They are stronger in spirit
B. They are equal in bravery
C. They have lost their courage
D. They have become wiser

Answer: C. They have lost their courage

Questions and Answers

1. Cassius: You are dull, Casca, and those sparks of life That should be in a Roman you do want, Or else you use not. You look pale, and gaze, And put on fear, and cast yourself in wonder, To see the strange impatience of the heavens.

i. Why does Cassius criticize Casca for being ‘dull’?

Answer: Cassius criticizes Casca for lacking the courage and vigor expected of a Roman, suggesting that he is too easily frightened by the strange events occurring.

ii. What are the ‘sparks of life’ Cassius refers to?

Answer: The ‘sparks of life’ refer to the courage, vitality, and resolve that Cassius believes every true Roman should possess.

iii. How does Cassius interpret Casca’s fear of the strange happenings?

Answer: Cassius sees Casca’s fear as a sign of weakness, interpreting it as a failure to understand that the strange events are signs meant to embolden, not frighten, true Romans.

iv. What does this passage reveal about Cassius’ view on fear and courage?

Answer: The passage reveals that Cassius values bravery and resilience, considering fear a sign of weakness that is unworthy of a Roman.

v. How does Cassius use this moment to influence Casca?

Answer: Cassius uses this moment to belittle Casca’s fear, thereby pressuring him to adopt a braver stance and join the conspiracy against Caesar.

10. Cassius: And dangers are to me indifferent.

i. What does Cassius mean when he says ‘dangers are to me indifferent’?

Answer: Cassius means that he does not fear danger and is willing to face any risk, reflecting his resolve and determination to achieve his goals.

ii. How does this attitude influence Cassius’ leadership in the conspiracy?

Answer: This attitude makes Cassius a bold and decisive leader, willing to take risks that others might avoid, which helps him to rally the other conspirators to his cause.

iii. How might Cassius’ indifference to danger be seen as a strength?

Answer: Cassius’ indifference to danger can be seen as a strength because it allows him to act without hesitation, making him a formidable and effective leader.

iv. Could Cassius’ attitude towards danger also be a weakness? How?

Answer: This attitude could also be a weakness if it leads Cassius to underestimate the risks or to make reckless decisions that endanger the conspiracy or his own life.

v. How does this statement encapsulate Cassius’ approach to the conspiracy?

Answer: This statement encapsulates Cassius’ fearless and determined approach to the conspiracy, showing that he is committed to overthrowing Caesar, regardless of the personal risks involved.

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