Here, you will find summaries, questions, answers, textbook solutions, pdf, extras etc. of (Nagaland Board) NBSE Class 11 Education Chapter 9: Concept of Discipline and Freedom. These solutions, however, should be only treated as references and can be modified/changed.
Introduction
Discipline is a cornerstone of both educational institutions and societal structures. It is an essential tool that fosters growth, development, and harmony in various aspects of life.
In the realm of education, discipline serves as a foundation for achieving educational goals and fostering holistic development among students. It is a vital element that should be instilled in learners from their early years. By doing so, we are nurturing future citizens who are responsible, respectful, and ready to contribute positively to their communities. Schools often face challenges such as bullying, cheating, and other forms of indiscipline. Addressing these issues requires a careful examination of their root causes. It’s important to note that punishment is not the ultimate solution to indiscipline. Instead, the focus should be on reform and the cultivation of good habits, which leads to disciplined and well-behaved students.
In the broader context of social life, discipline plays an equally significant role. The harmony and happiness of a society largely depend on the discipline of its members. A disciplined society is one that progresses and thrives, with its members contributing to its happiness and peace. Discipline is also crucial in maintaining peace and progress in government administration. It ensures that individuals obey rules and regulations, leading to an orderly and well-functioning society.
In the family setting, discipline is key to maintaining peace and happiness. It helps in setting boundaries and ensuring respect among family members. A disciplined family is likely to be a happy family.
However, it’s important to remember that discipline is not about imposing strict rules and fostering fear. It’s about cultivating a mindset that recognizes the importance of order, respect, and responsibility. It’s about developing a culture where individuals understand their roles and responsibilities and act accordingly.
Textual questions and answers
Very Short Answer Type Questions
1. What is Discipline?
Answer: The refinement or improvement or civilizing of both individual and society is known as discipline.
2. What is the derivative meaning of the word discipline?
Answer: The derivative meaning of the word discipline is “instructions to disciples”.
3. What do you understand by the term ‘Reward’?
Answer: Reward is to give recognition to someone for a good deed. Reward can be defined as lauding for special merit.
4. What is the attitude of modern educators towards punishment?
Answer: Modern educators do not encourage punishment, especially corporal punishment. Punishment does more harm than reforming the wrongdoers.
Short Answer Type Questions
1. Explain Discipline in its narrow sense.
Answer: Discipline is obedience to the orders given by an authority in a narrow sense. It is obedience. It is the obedience or adherence to rules “or orders of the seniors”. Here the personal views of an individual are not taken into consideration.
2. Discuss Discipline in its wide sense.
Answer: Discipline is refinement of one’s natural inclination for the well-being of the self and society in a wide sense. The individual willingly sacrifices his own desire for the betterment of his society/school/family/nation.
3. What is positive discipline?
Answer: To regulate one’s thought and behaviour for the happiness of oneself and other members of the society is known as Positive Discipline. Positive Discipline ensures caring for the happiness of others in the society, in other words, positive discipline means that the happiness of the self and society are inseparable. It is a positive attitude.
4. Explain the negative discipline.
Answer: Negative Discipline is harmful for the happiness of others living in the society. Self happiness without caring for the happiness of others is like destroying the well-being of other members of the society. It is pleasure for the self at the cost of others’ pleasure in the society.
5. What do you understand by internal discipline?
Answer: Internal discipline is a restraint that one imposes upon oneself for achieving one’s own goals in life. It is self direction or self control. Since one imposes the restrictions voluntarily, it becomes easier for the person to follow them.
6. Explain the concept of external discipline.
Answer: External discipline refers to the obedience or adherence to rules, orders or commands imposed by an external authority. It involves conforming to the expectations of others rather than one’s own desires.
12. Name four common forms of punishment in school.
Answer: Four common forms of punishment in schools are – (i) Corporal punishment (ii) Fines (Monetary) (iii) Extra Work (iv) Deprivation of privileges.
13. What do you understand by the term ‘order’?
Answer: For common people, order is discipline or order is synonymous with discipline, but these concepts are quite different from each other. The purpose of order is to secure uniform external behaviour. Order involves the power to control the situation.
Long Answer Type Questions
1. Explain the importance of discipline for students.
Answer: Discipline is a base to achieve the goals of education and for all round development among the students. Discipline should be inculcated during the early years in school, it will help the learners to grow into responsible citizens of the nation. Discipline in schools generally means, “Orders and system in doing things, regularity and obedience to commands.” But discipline is not synonymous with maintaining order in a class. It should be identified with orderly behaviour in the classroom and in other forms of school activities. Real discipline implies persuasion while order implies compulsion. It is therefore important that discipline in schools or educational institutions should be maintained for a gradual building up of habits, self-control and co-operation and it must be carried out by pupils, not because it is imposed, but because of the recognition of its necessity and value. So, discipline in educational institution or schools should imply the cultivation of certain desirable attitudes, habits and values in pupils.
3. How is Order different from Discipline?
Answer: Order and discipline are far apart from each other. The power to maintain order is mistaken as power to control discipline. Order aims at securing uniform external behaviour. On the other side discipline comes from a trained inner self, and it results in orderly external behaviour. Order means securing prompt unquestioned obedience to authority and discipline in securing willing obedience to authority. Discipline comes from within, while order comes from external authority. Discipline is always preferable over order. The terms order and discipline are not opposed to each other. They are actually complimentary terms overlapping and interpenetrating each other. A disciplined individual means that one is orderly in one’s behaviour. Can there be any class or society or nation without order? It is order that brings peace. Disorder creates chaos. Therefore, order is a must. But we should keep in mind that order is only a means to achieve discipline. Order, when goes beyond the limits, brings unhappiness and dissatisfaction. Order is based on fear and punishment. Order it is temporary, on the other hand, discipline comes from within and has lasting effects. Discipline becomes a part and parcel of the character of a person.
Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Questions
1. How important is discipline in schools and social life? Discuss.
Answer: Discipline plays a crucial role in both schools and social life:
In Social Life:
- The happiness and peace of society depend on the discipline of its members. Disciplined members contribute towards happiness, progress, and peace.
- Discipline plays an important role in the upliftment and happiness of society.
- Discipline is extremely necessary for peace and progress in government administration.
- A good sportsman obeys the rules of the game, making the play a pleasant experience for both teams.
- The peace and happiness of the family depend on the discipline maintained by the family members.
- It is the right discipline of members of society which brings peace and happiness.
- A society without discipline is bound to get destroyed. Discipline is the foundation on which the social structure is built.
In Schools:
- Discipline is a base to achieve the goals of education and for all-round development among the students.
- Discipline should be inculcated during the early years in school, it will help the learners to grow into responsible citizens of the nation.
- Most common forms of indiscipline in the schools which the teachers and school authority face are arrogant behaviour of students toward teachers, bullying other students, copying in examination, malpractices in tests, reaching school late, telling lies, stealing, destroying school property, neglecting homework, talking during the class, and truancy.
- This type of indiscipline should be snipped at the bud. There is a need to study the cause of this disorder in behaviour very carefully.
- Punishment is not a solution to indiscipline. A careful study as to why the students resort to such kind of indiscipline should lead us to the root of bad habits among students and thus help us to remove these causes, so that students become disciplined and start behaving properly. Reform is the best remedy.
Additional/extra questions and answers
1. What is the origin and meaning of the term ‘discipline’?
Answer: The term ‘discipline’ is derived from the Latin word “disciplina” which means “instructions to disciples.” It refers to the refinement, improvement, or civilizing of both an individual and society. Essentially, discipline is about learning obedience, that is, the act of following rules for the purpose of orderliness and efficiency.
2. Can you explain the importance of discipline in different spheres of life?
Answer: Discipline is essential in all aspects of life. In a military base, discipline ensures order and adherence to command. In a team of players, discipline guarantees coordination and understanding. In a family, discipline brings harmony and respect. In schools, discipline is key to learning and growth. In a state, discipline ensures law and order. Therefore, discipline is the driving force behind any form of progress or development. A society without discipline is akin to a ship without a captain.
3. What are the narrow and wide meanings of discipline?
Answer: In a narrow sense, discipline is obedience to orders given by an authority. It is about adherence to rules or orders of seniors without taking into consideration the personal views of an individual. This is the restricted interpretation of discipline.
In a broader sense, discipline is about the refinement of one’s natural inclination for the well-being of self and society. This implies that the individual willingly sacrifices his own desires for the betterment of his society, school, family, or nation. This is the wider interpretation of discipline.
4. Could you differentiate between negative and positive discipline?
Answer: Discipline can be of two types: Negative and Positive.
Negative Discipline is harmful for the happiness of others living in the society. It is the pursuit of self-happiness without caring for the happiness of others, which can destroy the well-being of other members of the society. It is, essentially, pleasure for the self at the cost of others’ pleasure in society.
On the other hand, Positive Discipline is about regulating one’s thought and behaviour for the happiness of oneself and other members of the society. Positive Discipline ensures caring for the happiness of others in the society, in other words, it means that the happiness of the self and society are inseparable. It is a positive attitude and is always preferred over negative discipline.
5. Discuss in detail the importance of discipline and its impact on various sectors such as the army, sports teams, family, school, and the state.
Answer: Discipline, derived from the Latin word “disciplina” meaning “instructions to disciples”, is a crucial element in various sectors due to its ability to refine, improve, and civilize both individuals and society.
In the army, discipline ensures that soldiers follow orders and function as a cohesive unit. This obedience is vital to maintain order and efficiency, thus contributing to the effective execution of missions and ultimately to the defense of the nation. A lack of discipline in such a context can lead to chaos and potential failure of operations.
In sports teams, discipline facilitates coordination and cooperation among players. It fosters a sense of teamwork and shared responsibility. Players who adhere to a disciplined routine and follow the game strategy contribute to the success of the team.
In a family setting, discipline cultivates respect and harmony. It establishes order, sets boundaries, and encourages responsible behaviour. Family members learn to respect each other’s space and rights, thereby reducing conflict and fostering a healthy family environment.
In schools, discipline is fundamental for academic success. It helps students to concentrate, complete assignments and projects on time, respect school rules, and maintain a positive learning environment. It prepares them for future challenges by teaching them the importance of adhering to rules and responsibilities.
Lastly, in the context of a state, discipline is synonymous with law and order. A disciplined society respects laws, follows civic duties, and contributes to the smooth functioning of societal institutions. In the absence of discipline, there could be chaos, resulting in a breakdown of social order and governance structures.
Therefore, discipline is like the rudder of a ship, steering different sectors towards their goals and contributing to the overall progress and development of individuals and society.
54. Discuss the role of teachers and school authorities in shaping a disciplined school environment.
Answer: Teachers and school authorities play a significant role in shaping a disciplined school environment. Teachers are responsible for setting the classroom rules, expectations, and maintaining order in their classes. They serve as role models for the students, so their personal discipline, teaching methods, and approach towards students can greatly influence students’ behaviour.
They can reinforce discipline by being fair and consistent in implementing rules, acknowledging good behaviour, and effectively managing classrooms. They can also provide guidance and counselling to students, helping them understand the importance of discipline and guiding them towards better habits.
School authorities, on the other hand, are responsible for creating a larger framework of discipline within the school. They set the school rules and regulations, the consequences for breaking them, and ensure that these are communicated effectively to all students. They also oversee the enforcement of these rules, ensuring that they are applied consistently and fairly.
Both teachers and school authorities also need to collaborate with parents, keeping them informed about their child’s behaviour and working with them to address any issues. This concerted effort can result in a more disciplined school environment, fostering better learning and growth for the students.
Additional/extra MCQs
1. What does the term ‘discipline’ originate from?
A. Greek B. Latin C. German D. French
Answer: B. Latin
2. What is the fundamental purpose of disciplining students in schools?
A. Punishment B. Entertainment C. Orderliness and Efficiency D. Reward
Answer: C. Orderliness and Efficiency
3. In the context of discipline, what is a society without discipline likened to?
A. Car without wheels B. House without a roof C. Ship without a captain D. Tree without leaves
Answer: C. Ship without a captain
4. In the narrow sense, discipline involves obedience to whom?
A. Friends B. Parents C. Seniors D. Siblings
Answer: C. Seniors
5. In the wider sense, discipline involves the refinement of what?
A. Others’ inclination B. Society’s inclination C. One’s natural inclination D. Parents’ inclination
Answer: C. One’s natural inclination
80. Which action should be avoided to maintain discipline in school?
A. Stealing B. Doing homework regularly C. Arriving school on time D. Respecting teachers
Answer: A. Stealing
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