Here you will find all the questions, solutions, answers, and notes of chapter 9 Transport and Communication of Social Science for class 10 students studying under Nagaland Board of School Education (NBSE). However, the study materials should be used only for references and nothing more. The notes can be modified/changed according to needs.
INTRODUCTION: For a long time, trade and transport moved within restricted boundaries of space and time. But with the development in the field of science and technology, trade and transport have spread all over the world. The world has become one big village and distances have become immaterial or, to be more precise, distances seem to have shrunk. This has been made possible by the development of a fast and efficient transport and communication system. Thus, trade, transport and communication complement each other.
Today, life has become very complex. We are all dependant on each other. Even trade has expanded from national to international levels. The India of today is well linked to the rest of the globe despite its huge area, diversities and pluralities in the linguistic and socio-cultural fields. Transport and communication have enriched them, both socially and economically. Our lives have become easier and more amenities and comforts are readily available to us.
Thus, it is evident that the modern means of transport and communication are the lifelines of our nation and its economy. Trade, be it local, national or global, depends largely upon a dense and efficient network of transport and communication.
II. Very Short Answer Questions
1. What are State Highways?
Answer: These highways join state capitals with towns and the district headquarters and provide the link with the national highways.
2. What is the total length of India’s road network?
Answer: India’s road network aggregates to about 2.3 million km.
3. What is the name of the highway that connects the four large metro cities?
Answer: Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways.
7. Write two advantages of airways.
Answer: Two advantages of airways are:
i. Airways provide the fastest means of transport.
ii. For inaccessible, remote and hostile areas airways are the best means of transport.
III. Short Answer Questions
1. Name any four means of communication.
Answer: Any four means of communication are:
i. Postal written communications.
ii. Telecom networks.
iii. Television.
iv. Radio.
2. What are National Highways? Who constructs and maintains them?
Answer: National highways connect one state with another and are of national importance. These highways link extreme parts of the country.
These roads are constructed and maintained by the Central Public Works Department (CPWD).
5. Give two advantages of waterways.
Answer: Two advantages of waterways are:
i. Waterways are the cheapest means of transport.
ii. It is the best means of transport to carry bulky and heavy goods at lower costs.
IV. Long Answer Questions
1. Mention four merits and four demerits of road transportation with reference to India.
Answer: Four merits of road transportation with reference to India are:
i. Road transport provides a link between railway stations, air and seaports. They are used as feeders to other modes of transport.
ii. Roads can traverse regions of dissected and undulating relief and negotiate steep slopes.
iii. They are cheap and easy both in construction and maintenance.
iv. They directly connect fields with markets, factories with farms and provide door-to-door service
Four demerits of road transportation with reference to India are:
i. Inadequate road networks to meet the needs of the people.
ii. National Highways, which were built long ago, is not as wide.
iii. Most of the old bridges and culverts are low and old.
iv. Many of these roads pass through congested cities that create a problem.
2. What are the advantages of waterways as a means of transport?
Answer: The advantages of waterways as a means of transport are:
i. Waterways are the cheapest means of transport.
ii. It is the best means of transport to carry bulky and heavy goods at lower costs.
iii. It is fuel-efficient as well as environment-friendly.
iv. All perennial rivers can be used almost throughout the year.
3. Give four reasons why the means of transport and communication are called the lifelines of a nation and its economy.
Answer: We are all dependant on each other. Even trade has expanded from national to international levels. The India of today is well linked to the rest of the globe despite its huge area, diversities and pluralities in the linguistic and socio-cultural fields. Our lives have become easier and more amenities and comforts are readily available to us. Thus, it is evident that the modern means of transport and communication are the lifelines of our nation and its economy. Trade, be it local, national or global, depends largely upon a dense and efficient network of transport and communication.
6. What is mass communication? What are the different means of mass communication?
Answer: The means of communication which can communicate ideas, policies and national issues directly to the masses is called Mass Communication.
The different modes of mass communication are:
Television: It is the most popular means of mass communication in the present context. It can reach the grass-root level and create opinions among the educated as well as illiterates.
Radio: Radio is another means of mass communication that is popular mostly in areas that are not connected to other parts of the country very well.
Newspapers and magazines: Newspapers and magazines help to communicate information amongst the educated sections of society. It is a powerful tool.
Internet: It is comparatively a newer form of means of mass communication that is becoming hugely popular and highly influential and is believed to become the most popular means of mass communication in the near future.
Extra/additional questions and answers/solutions
1. What is the Golden Quadrilateral Super Highway?
Answer: The Golden Quadrilateral Super Highway is a road construction project by the Indian government that connects Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, and Mumbai. The route is 5,846 kilometres long in all. The National Highway Authority of India is in charge of this project. This will connect a number of large cities and ports, as well as aid industrial expansion in all of the small towns along the way.
2. What are border roads and why are they important?
Answer: These are the highways that run along our country’s southern border. The Border Highways Organization, which is directly under the Central Government, constructs and maintains these roads.
12: Write a brief note on All India Radio.
Answer: All India Radio, popularly known as Akashwani, is a powerful mass media in India. For individuals of all ages and from all regions, it transmits programming in national, regional, and local languages. There are 200 radio stations and 327 transmitters in the country. Private firms have also launched FM radio stations.
13. In India, who approves Indian and foreign films?
Answer: The Central Board of Film Certification is the body responsible for approving both Indian and international films.
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